Name each of the following acids or bases: a. Al(OH)3 b. HBr c. H2 SO4 d. KOH e. HNO2 f. HClO2

Name: Problem 4, Chapter 10: Chemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry
Uploaded: 2021-04-23T15:43:08-08:00
Duration: 1 min 34 s
Channel: Vasu Makani
Description: Name each of the following acids or bases: a. Al(OH)3 b. HBr c. H2 SO4 d. KOH e. HNO2 f. HClO2

step 1 This problem is from acids, bases and equilibrium and is based on the naming of acids and basis.

Name each of the following acids or bases: a. Al(OH)3 b. HBr...

Key Concepts

Naming of Metal Hydroxides

Metal hydroxides are basic compounds that consist of a metal cation bound to one or more hydroxide ions. The naming of these bases involves simply stating the name of the metal followed by 'hydroxide'. This straightforward naming reflects the ionic composition of the compound and distinguishes it from acids by emphasizing the presence of the hydroxide ion.

Binary Acid Naming

Binary acids are composed of hydrogen and one other nonmetal element. Their names are constructed by using the prefix 'hydro-', followed by the root of the nonmetal element’s name, and ending with '-ic acid'. This naming convention is applied when the acid does not contain oxygen, and it provides a clear categorization that distinguishes these acids from oxyacids.

Acid-Base Nomenclature

This concept covers the systematic methods used to name acids and bases according to internationally recognized rules. For acids, the naming depends on the presence or absence of oxygen in the anion, while for bases, especially those involving metal hydroxides, the name reflects the metal cation paired with the hydroxide ion. Understanding these rules is essential for correctly identifying and naming a wide variety of chemical compounds in inorganic chemistry.

Oxyacid Nomenclature

Oxyacids contain hydrogen, oxygen, and another element (typically a nonmetal). Their names are derived from the polyatomic ion present in the acid: if the ion ends in '-ate', the acid name is formed by replacing this with '-ic acid'; if the ion ends in '-ite', it is replaced with '-ous acid'. This systematic approach helps in determining the oxidation state of the central nonmetal element and ensures consistency in naming acids that contain oxygen.

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