Name the following alkenes. (Hint: See Sample Problem B.) |...

Name: Problem 19, Chapter 22: Holt: Modern Chemistry
Uploaded: 2020-12-25T07:40:37-08:00
Duration: 8 min 23 s
Channel: Vishal Sharma
Description: Name the following alkenes. (Hint: See Sample Problem B.)

Key Concepts

Double Bond Positioning

Identifying the precise location of the double bond within the carbon chain is key in alkene nomenclature. The numbering system marks the start position of the double bond, which is then included in the compound’s name to clearly indicate its location.

Numbering of Carbon Chains

Accurate naming of alkenes requires numbering the longest carbon chain in such a way that the double bond receives the lowest possible number. This step is essential in reducing ambiguity in the structure's description and ensures that substituents and functional groups are correctly identified by their positions.

Stereochemistry of Alkenes

Alkenes can exhibit geometric isomerism due to restricted rotation about the double bond, leading to configurations such as cis-trans or E-Z isomers. Recognizing and naming these stereochemical variations is important as they significantly affect the molecule’s physical and chemical properties.

IUPAC Nomenclature

This is the systematic method for naming organic compounds, including alkenes, by following a set of rules established by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. The process involves identifying the longest continuous chain, assigning locants to functional groups like double bonds, and attaching substituent names and positions, ensuring each compound has a unique and standardized name.

Alkenes

Alkenes are a class of hydrocarbons characterized by at least one carbon–carbon double bond, which contributes to their reactivity and physical properties. Correctly naming an alkene involves indicating the position of the double bond within the carbon chain and, when applicable, the geometry around the double bond.

Transcript

00:01 In problem 19, name the following alkenes.

00:03 So this question is from the chapter organic chemistry.

00:07 And the concept behind this question is that for the naming of organic compound, first of all, we identify the name of parent hydrocarbon.

00:16 So the first step is identify the name of parent hydrocarbon.

00:29 So that means this is the word root.

00:35 This is the case of the word root.

00:42 Okay, the next step is identify the name of alkyl group if it is present.

00:50 Identify the name of alkyl group like methyl ethyl, etc.

01:01 If it is present.

01:07 Okay, so the next step is, so the next step is number the carbon chain.

01:15 So number the carbon chain to give double bond, to give double bond the lowest position.

01:40 Lowest position.

01:44 So that means the numbering is start from the double bond in case if double bond is present in that organic compound.

01:53 So the part a of the question is that this is ch2 double bond, ch2, ch2, this is ch3.

02:03 So in this case if we name this organic compound, so numbering is done in such a way that double won't get a lower number.

02:15 So numbering is done in such a way that the double one gets the lowest number.

02:20 So that means this is position number one, this is two, this is three, this is four, this is five.

02:27 So this is basically a five chain hydrocarbon, that means the parent chain of these high.

02:33 Hydrocarbon is 5.

02:36 So in case of 5, the word root is pent.

02:40 So the name of this organic compound is 1...

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