Name the type of organic compound from each description of...

Name: Problem 58, Chapter 15: Chemistry: The Molecular Nature of Matter and Change
Uploaded: 2020-07-08T20:57:28-08:00
Duration: 1 min 48 s
Channel: Dalton Hilovsky
Description: Name the type of organic compound from each description of the functional group: (a) N-containing group with single and double bonds; (b) group that is not polar and has a double bond; (c) polar group that has a double bond and cannot be at the end of a C chain; (d) group that has only single bonds and is basic in water.

Name the type of organic compound from each description of the functional group: (a) N-containing group with single and double bonds; (b) group that is not polar and has a double bond; (c) polar group that has a double bond and cannot be at the end of a C chain; (d) group that has only single bonds and is basic in water.

Key Concepts

Alkene

Alkenes are organic compounds characterized by the presence of a carbon-carbon double bond. This double bond creates a region of high electron density, yet because the bond is between carbon atoms, the overall group tends to be nonpolar unless influenced by other substituents, influencing reactivity patterns such as addition reactions.

Functional Groups

Functional groups are specific groups of atoms within molecules that dictate the characteristic chemical reactions and properties of organic compounds. They are used to classify, name, and understand the behavior of different organic molecules based on their structure and reactivity.

Nitro Group

The nitro group, a functional group containing nitrogen and oxygen, typically features a structure where the nitrogen is bonded to two oxygens via one single bond and one double bond. This arrangement, along with its resonance stabilization, makes the nitro group strongly electron-withdrawing, impacting the chemical reactivity of the molecules it is part of.

Ketone

Ketones are characterized by a carbonyl group (a carbon double-bonded to an oxygen) that is bonded to two carbon atoms, thus ensuring that the carbonyl cannot be at the terminal end of a carbon chain (which would make it an aldehyde). This internal positioning of the carbonyl group imparts distinct polarity and reactivity compared to other carbonyl-containing compounds.

Amine

Amines are functional groups derived from ammonia where one or more hydrogen atoms are replaced by alkyl or aryl groups, featuring only single bonds. They are basic in aqueous solutions due to the lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom, making them active in many chemical reactions as nucleophiles or bases.

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