O brometo de nitrosila, NOBr, é preparado pela reaçāo direta...

O brometo de nitrosila, NOBr, é preparado pela reaçāo direta entre o NOeo Br $$ 2 \mathrm{NO}(\mathrm{g})+\mathrm{Br}_2(\mathrm{~g}) \longrightarrow 2 \mathrm{NOBr}(\mathrm{g}) $$ Entretanto, o composto se dissocia facilmente na temperatura ambiente: $$ 2 \mathrm{NOBr}(\mathrm{g}) \rightleftarrows 2 \mathrm{NO}(\mathrm{g})+\mathrm{Br}_2(\mathrm{~g}) $$ (a) Se forem misturados $3,50 \mathrm{~g}$ de NO e $9,67 \mathrm{~g}_{\mathrm{de}} \mathrm{de} \mathrm{Br}_2$, quantos gramas de NOBr se podem preparar? (b) Se o átomo de $\mathrm{N}$ for o átomo central do brometo de nitrosila, qual a estrutura de Lewis da molécula? (c) Qual a geometria dos pares de elétrons do NOBr? Qual a geometria da molécula? A molécula é polar? (d) Uma amostra de NOBr é colocada num vaso, a $25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$, e se dissocia. A pressao total no equilfbrio \& $190 \mathrm{~mm} \mathrm{Hg}$ e verifica-se que há dissociação de $34 \%$ do composto. Qual o valor de $K_{\mathrm{p}}$ ?

O brometo de nitrosila, NOBr, é preparado pela reaçāo direta entre o NOeo Br
$$
2 \mathrm{NO}(\mathrm{g})+\mathrm{Br}_2(\mathrm{~g}) \longrightarrow 2 \mathrm{NOBr}(\mathrm{g})
$$

Entretanto, o composto se dissocia facilmente na temperatura ambiente:
$$
2 \mathrm{NOBr}(\mathrm{g}) \rightleftarrows 2 \mathrm{NO}(\mathrm{g})+\mathrm{Br}_2(\mathrm{~g})
$$
(a) Se forem misturados $3,50 \mathrm{~g}$ de NO e $9,67 \mathrm{~g}_{\mathrm{de}} \mathrm{de} \mathrm{Br}_2$, quantos gramas de NOBr se podem preparar?
(b) Se o átomo de $\mathrm{N}$ for o átomo central do brometo de nitrosila, qual a estrutura de Lewis da molécula?
(c) Qual a geometria dos pares de elétrons do NOBr? Qual a geometria da molécula? A molécula é polar?
(d) Uma amostra de NOBr é colocada num vaso, a $25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$, e se dissocia. A pressao total no equilfbrio \& $190 \mathrm{~mm} \mathrm{Hg}$ e verifica-se que há dissociação de $34 \%$ do composto. Qual o valor de $K_{\mathrm{p}}$ ?

Key Concepts

Chemical Equilibrium and Equilibrium Constant (Kp)

Chemical equilibrium describes the state in which the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal. The equilibrium constant expressed in terms of partial pressures, Kp, provides a quantitative measure of the position of equilibrium and is calculated using the pressures of the gaseous species involved in the reaction.

Molecular Polarity

This concept pertains to the distribution of electrical charge within a molecule. The shape of the molecule combined with differences in electronegativity between atoms determines if a molecule is polar (having a net dipole moment) or nonpolar, which affects intermolecular interactions.

VSEPR Theory (Electron Pair Geometry and Molecular Geometry)

VSEPR theory is the method used for predicting the three-dimensional arrangement of electron pairs around a central atom, which in turn determines the molecular shape. It considers both bonding and non-bonding electron pairs to define the electron pair (steric) geometry and the resulting molecular geometry.

Lewis Structures

This involves drawing diagrams that show the arrangement of valence electrons among atoms in a molecule. It is essential for depicting bonding between atoms and identifying any lone pairs, which influence the molecule’s reactivity and geometry.

Stoichiometry and Limiting Reactant

This concept involves calculating the number of moles of reactants using their given masses and then using the balanced chemical equation to identify which reactant is limiting. It is critical for determining the maximum theoretical yield of a product in a chemical reaction.

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