Only one of the following formulas describes a compound that...

Only one of the following formulas describes a compound that exists. Fix the other formulas so they also describe compounds that exist. a. $\mathrm{CH}_{3}$ c. $\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{OH}_{2}$ e. $\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\right)_{3} \mathrm{C}$ b. $\mathrm{CH}_{4} \mathrm{COOH}$ d. $\mathrm{CHCl}_{3} \mathrm{OH}$ f. $\mathrm{CCl}_{4}$

Only one of the following formulas describes a compound that exists. Fix the other formulas so they also describe compounds that exist.
a. $\mathrm{CH}_{3}$
c. $\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{OH}_{2}$
e. $\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\right)_{3} \mathrm{C}$
b. $\mathrm{CH}_{4} \mathrm{COOH}$
d. $\mathrm{CHCl}_{3} \mathrm{OH}$
f. $\mathrm{CCl}_{4}$

Key Concepts

Organic Nomenclature and Structural Clarity

In organic chemistry it is important to represent compounds in a way that clearly shows how atoms are connected, which may require indicating branching, functional groups, or additives (like extra hydrogen atoms) to complete structures. Correct nomenclature ensures that a formula accurately conveys the molecular skeleton and the presence of functional groups such as alcohols, carboxylic acids, and others.

Stability and Radical Species

Molecules or fragments that do not satisfy all bonding requirements often form radicals or ions, which may be transient or unstable under normal conditions. When writing formulas for stable compounds, the species must have all bonding sites satisfied, so a formula representing a radical (like a CH3 group with an unpaired electron) should typically be adjusted to include the additional atoms or electrons needed for stabilization.

Molecular Formula Representation

A molecular formula represents the number and types of atoms in a molecule, ensuring that the compound obeys the rules of chemical bonding and valence. It is essential that all valence electrons are paired appropriately according to the octet rule (or duet for hydrogen), so that no atom is left with an unfulfilled bonding capacity in a stable, neutral compound.

Valence and Octet Rule

Atoms combine by sharing or transferring electrons in order to achieve a full valence shell, most commonly an octet. When writing or correcting formulas, one must check that the number of bonds around each atom satisfies its valence requirements; for example, neutral carbon typically forms four bonds and hydrogen forms one.

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