Question

Prove directly from the axioms of Definition 3.12 that (3.44) defines a norm on the space of $n \times n$ matrices.

    Prove directly from the axioms of Definition 3.12 that (3.44) defines a norm on the space of $n \times n$ matrices.
Applied Linear Algebra (Undergraduate Texts in Mathematics)
Applied Linear Algebra (Undergraduate Texts in Mathematics)
Peter J. Olver,… 2nd Edition
Chapter 3, Problem 49 ↓

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These properties are non-negativity, absolute homogeneity, and the triangle inequality. However, without the specific definition of the norm (3.44) and the axioms of Definition 3.12 provided in the question, I will assume a common norm used for matrices, such as  Show more…

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Prove directly from the axioms of Definition 3.12 that (3.44) defines a norm on the space of $n \times n$ matrices.
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Key Concepts

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Matrix Norms
A matrix norm is a function that assigns a non-negative real number to a matrix, following the norm axioms. When proving that a particular definition (such as the one given by equation (3.44)) is a norm on the space of n × n matrices, one directly verifies the three fundamental properties: non-negativity and definiteness, homogeneity with respect to scalar multiplication, and the triangle inequality. This direct verification from the axioms ensures the function behaves in a manner analogous to norms on other vector spaces.
Norm Properties
A norm is a function defined on a vector space that assigns a non-negative real number to each element, satisfying three main properties: positive definiteness (the norm is zero if and only if the element is the zero vector), homogeneity (scaling the vector scales the norm by the absolute value of the scalar), and the triangle inequality (the norm of the sum of two vectors is less than or equal to the sum of their norms). These properties provide a framework to measure the 'size' or 'length' of vectors in a consistent way.
Matrix Spaces
Matrix spaces are vector spaces whose elements are matrices, such as the set of all n × n matrices. In these spaces, matrices can be added together and multiplied by scalars, and defining a norm on these spaces allows one to study matrix operations quantitatively. The structure of matrix spaces makes them suitable for applying the axioms of a norm, ensuring that the measure of a matrix’s size behaves in a predictable manner under these operations.

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