Put the following in order from smallest to largest: nucleotide, genome, nitrogenous base, gene,

step 1 Okay, this question involves DNA structure and cell structure. First, let's see what we need in

Put the following in order from smallest to largest:...

Key Concepts

Cell

A cell is the basic unit of life, composing all living organisms. Cells carry out essential functions such as metabolism, energy conversion, and reproduction, and they come in various types and structures, with eukaryotic cells containing specialized organelles like the nucleus.

Nucleus

The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle found in eukaryotic cells that houses the cell’s genetic material. It plays a central role in regulating gene expression and maintaining the integrity of DNA, acting as the control center of the cell.

Chromosome

A chromosome is a long, organized structure of DNA and proteins that carries many genes. In eukaryotes, chromosomes are found within the nucleus, and they play a crucial role in cell division and the accurate transmission of genetic information to daughter cells.

Genome

A genome is the complete set of genetic material present in an organism, comprising all of its genes and non-coding sequences. It represents the full instruction manual for building and maintaining that organism, and its organization is critical for regulating cellular functions.

Codon

A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that specifies a particular amino acid or a termination signal during protein synthesis. Codons provide the instructions for translating genetic information into functional proteins.

Nucleotide

A nucleotide is the basic structural unit of nucleic acids, consisting of a nitrogenous base, a sugar molecule, and a phosphate group. It serves as the building block for DNA and RNA strands, playing a critical role in the storage and transmission of genetic information.

Nitrogenous Base

A nitrogenous base is a fundamental organic molecule that serves as one of the building blocks of nucleic acids like DNA and RNA. These bases, including adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine, and uracil, form the 'letters' of the genetic code and are essential for encoding genetic information.

Gene

A gene is a segment of DNA that contains the necessary information to produce a functional product, typically a protein or RNA molecule. Genes are the functional units of heredity, and their sequences determine the traits and functions of living organisms.

Transcript

00:01 Okay, this question involves dna structure and cell structure.

00:08 First, let's see what we need in order to produce dna.

00:13 The first ingredient to produce dna is a nitrogenous base.

00:25 The second ingredient is a pentose sugar and the third ingredient is a phosphate group.

00:43 Okay, so in nitrogenous bases we can have in dna for dna, we can have adenine, thymine, cytosine, or guanin.

00:56 Talking about the pentose sugar, we have deoxy, givose, and well, phosphate group is a phosphate group.

01:08 So these are the nitrogenous bases, aden, thymine, cytosine, and guanin.

01:13 In order to produce a nucleotide, first we have to put together a nitrogenous base plus deoxyribose.

01:26 When we do this, we form something called nucleosite.

01:33 Okay, not nucleotide, but nucleosite.

01:37 For example, in case of adenine, if we put together an adenine and the oxygivose petal sugar, we are going to produce adenosine.

01:48 Okay? and finally, if we put together a nucleosite with a phosphate group, we are going to produce a nucleotide.

02:02 Okay, for example, in case of adenosine, adenosine is a nucleosite.

02:06 If we put adenocin with one phosphate group, we're going to produce adenocin monofosate, amp.

02:17 If we add another phosphate, we're going to produce adp, adenocin diffosate.

02:23 And if we add another, a third phosphate group, we're going to produce adp, adenosine -3 -phosphate.

02:31 Okay? so that's where nucleotides are.

02:37 So when you have a dna strand, a double -stranded dna, what you actually have is this.

02:46 For example, a -a -a -t -t -c -g -c -a -t and so on.

02:54 And the same here.

02:55 T -t -t -a -a -g -c and so on.

03:02 Particularly, all these lines are made of nucleotides, okay? and those nucleotides have a nitrogenose base...

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