Quinone, which is used in the dye industry and in...

Quinone, which is used in the dye industry and in photography, is an organic compound containing only C, $\mathrm{H}$, and $\mathrm{O}$. What is the empirical formula of the compound if $0.105 \mathrm{~g}$ of the compound gives $0.257 \mathrm{~g} \mathrm{CO}_{2}$ and $0.0350 \mathrm{~g} \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}$ when burned completelv?

Key Concepts

Combustion Analysis

Combustion analysis is a technique used to determine the elemental composition of a compound by burning it and measuring the amounts of CO2 and H2O produced. From the masses of these products, one can calculate the moles of carbon and hydrogen originally present in the compound, which is fundamental for deducing its formula.

Mole Concept

The mole concept is essential in converting between mass and number of particles. By using the molar masses of CO2 and H2O, one can determine the number of moles of carbon and hydrogen, respectively, in the combustion products. This conversion is key to quantifying the elemental composition of the original compound.

Stoichiometry

Stoichiometry involves the quantitative relationships between reactants and products in a chemical reaction. In combustion analysis, stoichiometric ratios allow us to relate the measured quantities of CO2 and H2O to the amounts of carbon and hydrogen in the compound, thereby forming the basis of the empirical formula determination.

Empirical Formula Determination

The empirical formula represents the simplest whole-number ratio of atoms in a compound. By calculating the moles of each element from combustion products and then normalizing these values to the smallest whole numbers, one can derive the empirical formula, which reveals the basic composition of the compound.

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