Refer to the following definition of the Rational class:...

Refer to the following definition of the Rational class: Here is the implementation code for the plus method:Which of the following is a correct replacement for /* more code * /? (A) Rational rat(numer, denom); rat.reduce(); return rat; (B) return new Rational(numer, denom); (C) reduce() Rational rat $=$ new Rational (numer, denom); return rat; (D) Rational $\mathrm{rat}=$ new Rational (numer, denom) Rational.reduce(); return rat; (E) Rational rat $=$ new Rational(numer, denom); rat.reduce(); return rat;

Refer to the following definition of the Rational class:
Here is the implementation code for the plus method:Which of the following is a correct replacement for /* more code * /?
(A) Rational rat(numer, denom); rat.reduce(); return rat;
(B) return new Rational(numer, denom);
(C) reduce() Rational rat $=$ new Rational (numer, denom); return rat;
(D) Rational $\mathrm{rat}=$ new Rational (numer, denom) Rational.reduce(); return rat;
(E) Rational rat $=$ new Rational(numer, denom); rat.reduce();
return rat;

Key Concepts

Encapsulation and Data Integrity

Encapsulation is a principle in object-oriented programming that binds together the data and the methods that manipulate that data, while keeping both safe from outside interference and misuse. In the case of a Rational class, calling a method like reduce() encapsulates the logic for ensuring that the rational number is represented in its simplest form, thereby maintaining data integrity.

Return Statements

Return statements in programming indicate the value or object that a function or method should output when it completes execution. In the context of object-oriented design, returning an instance of a class (after any necessary initialization or manipulation) is a common technique for ensuring that callers receive a fully prepared object.

Method Invocation

Method invocation is the process of executing a function or procedure associated with an object. In class design, instance methods such as reduce() operate on the object's data. Calling these methods ensures that any necessary operations, such as simplifying a rational number, are performed on the newly created instance.

Object Instantiation

In object?oriented programming, object instantiation refers to creating a new instance of a class by calling its constructor. This process initializes the object with specific state values (for example, numerator and denominator in a Rational number) and prepares it for use in subsequent operations.

Transcript

00:01 Okay, so here we have, this is from barron's ap science, seventh edition, ap cs science for chapter two, question 16.

00:12 Here we have a class implementation.

00:14 You can read through it yourself, kind of get the readout on what's happening.

00:18 The main focus of this method is going to be the, for this question is going to be the public rational plus method here.

00:27 It's not actually implemented.

00:30 We're to answer how to actually implement it over the problem 16.

00:36 And up here it states, here's the implementation code for the plus method.

00:40 Then it's got here, the public rational plus, rational r, that's going to be the parameter that's going to be passed through as an object, a rational object.

00:51 Here we have the instance itself calling a fixed signs.

00:55 And then we have the parameter calling a fixed sign here.

00:58 So both of those are going to be performing fixed sign methods.

01:02 The denominator is a new instance variable that's declared for denominator times r dot denominator.

01:10 And then numerator is going to be similarly, i'm going to point an arrow here.

01:15 And then numerator is going to be another instance variable created, numerator times r denominator.

01:21 So this is getting called here...

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