Question

Refractometry is based on the difference in the speed of light through a substance (v) and through a vacuum ( $c$ ). In the procedure, light of known wavelength passes through a fixed thickness of the substance at a known temperature. The index of refraction equals $c / v$. Using yellow light $(\lambda=589 \mathrm{nm})$ at $20^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$. for example, the index of refraction of water is 1.33 and that of diamond is $2.42 .$ Calculate the speed of light in (a) water and (b) diamond.

Name: Problem 70, Chapter 7: CHEMISTRY: The Molecular Nature of Matter and Change
Uploaded: 2020-06-23T21:12:49-08:00
Duration: 3 min 10 s
Channel: Ashley Moorman

   Refractometry is based on the difference in the speed of light through a substance (v) and through a vacuum ( $c$ ). In the procedure, light of known wavelength passes through a fixed thickness of the substance at a known temperature. The index of refraction equals $c / v$. Using yellow light $(\lambda=589 \mathrm{nm})$ at $20^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$. for example, the index of refraction of water is 1.33 and that of diamond is $2.42 .$ Calculate the speed of light in (a) water and
(b) diamond.

CHEMISTRY: The Molecular Nature of Matter and Change

Martin S.… 9th Edition

Chapter 7, Problem 70

Instant Answer

Solved by Expert Ashley Moorman

06/23/2020

Step 1

We are given the index of refraction for water (n_water = 1.33) and diamond (n_diamond = 2.42). We also know the speed of light in a vacuum, c = 3.00 x 10^8 m/s. (a) Show more…

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Refractometry is based on the difference in the speed of light through a substance (v) and through a vacuum ( $c$ ). In the procedure, light of known wavelength passes through a fixed thickness of the substance at a known temperature. The index of refraction equals $c / v$. Using yellow light $(\lambda=589 \mathrm{nm})$ at $20^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$. for example, the index of refraction of water is 1.33 and that of diamond is $2.42 .$ Calculate the speed of light in (a) water and (b) diamond.

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Key Concepts

Index of Refraction

The index of refraction is a dimensionless number defined as the ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum (c) to the speed of light in a material (v), expressed as n = c/v. It indicates how much light is slowed down when passing through the material and is a fundamental concept in optics.

Speed of Light in a Medium

The speed of light in a medium can be determined using the formula v = c/n, where c is the speed of light in a vacuum and n is the index of refraction of the medium. This relationship explains how the optical properties of a substance affect the propagation of light through it.

Refractometry

Refractometry is a technique used to measure the index of refraction of a material by analyzing the bending or refraction of light as it passes through the material. This method relies on the principle that light travels at different speeds depending on the medium, leading to a measurable change in direction.

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