Roughly 4.00 % of what you exhale is carbon dioxide. Assume that 22.4 L is the volume of 1 mol

step 1 Once again, welcome to a new problem. This time we're dealing with the air for the most part. Wh

Roughly 4.00 % of what you exhale is carbon dioxide. Assume...

Key Concepts

Time and Rate Analysis

Time and rate analysis involves extrapolating measurements that are given per a smaller interval (such as per breath) to larger time periods (like per day or per year). This requires understanding the rate at which an event occurs and performing the appropriate multiplication by the number of intervals in the desired time period, thereby enabling the estimation of total quantities over time.

Unit Conversions

Unit conversions are essential in science to translate measurements from one unit to another—for example, converting from liters to moles using the molar volume, or from grams to kilograms when dealing with mass. Mastery of unit conversions ensures that calculations are consistent and the final answers are expressed in the desired or standard units.

Molar Volume of a Gas

Molar volume is the volume occupied by one mole of an ideal gas at standard temperature and pressure (STP). At STP, one mole of an ideal gas occupies a specific volume, which is typically given as 22.4 liters. This concept is important because it provides a direct way to relate the volume of a gas to the amount in moles, which is essential for quantitative gas calculations.

Mole and Avogadro's Number

This concept involves the idea of a mole as a fundamental unit in chemistry that represents a specific number of particles, namely, approximately 6.02 × 10^23 particles. Avogadro's number provides the crucial link between a measurable amount of substance in moles and the actual number of atoms or molecules present, allowing conversion from the number of moles to the number of individual particles and vice versa.

Percentage Composition

Percentage composition involves determining what fraction of a mixture is made up of a particular component. In the context of respiratory gases, it is used to find the volume or proportion of a specific gas, such as carbon dioxide, from the total exhaled air. This idea is key for calculating how much of a specific gas is present when only a percentage of the overall volume is attributable to that gas.

Transcript

00:02 Once again, welcome to a new problem.

00:05 This time we're dealing with the air for the most part.

00:09 When people think about air, we always think about the atmosphere.

00:16 And with the atmosphere, you could have atmospheric pressure.

00:20 But when it comes to air, 78 % of air is, so i would say this would be 78 % maybe.

00:35 That's nitrogen and then about 20 % is oxygen.

00:47 When you think about carbon dioxide, the carbon dioxide in air is roughly 0 .03%.

01:00 And then whatever is left is other gases and these other gases are things like xenon argon, helium.

01:14 So there's a host of other gases that are in the air.

01:18 One of the benefits of having plants is the fact that they produce oxygen.

01:27 So the plants produce oxygen.

01:30 And then they absorb carbon dioxide.

01:34 So when you have a lot of plants, you reduce global warming and also also for humans, we inhale air, you know, we're taking air molecules and once we take in air molecules we exhale carbon dioxide and then the carbon dioxide that we exhale it goes into the plants, so it goes into the plants.

02:12 The other thing that happens is when you're dealing with atoms, oxygen molecules or any other kind of molecules, ions.

02:24 These ones, 6 .02 times 10 to the 23 of these, constitute one mold.

02:36 So one mold is helpful in making computations involving molecules and atoms and and other kinds of stuff.

02:49 So coming back to this problem, let's assume that you happen to exale, you happen to exhale, you happen to exhale 4 % of carbon dioxide, 4 % of carbon dioxide, so you exiled this, you exhale 4 % of carbon dioxide, so you exhale 4 % of carbon dioxide, so you exhale this, you exhale 4 % of, carbon dioxide and one more one more carbon dioxide is equivalent to 6 .02 times 10 to 23 6 .02 times 10 to the 23 molecules and assume that these amount of molecules of carbon dioxide are equivalent to 22 .4 liters.

04:17 And you excel, you happen to exhale, 0 .5 liters each time you breathe out.

04:31 So each time you breathe out, you happen to excel that.

04:34 So we have two parts to this problem.

04:37 The first part was saying that determine, determine the amount determine the amount of carbon dioxide molecules exhaled per day so determine the amount of carbon dioxide molecules exhale off per day and then we are also looking at if one more carbon dioxide is equivalent to 44 or 0 .0 grams and this is the mass...

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