Select the correct statement regarding heterocysts. (a)...

Select the correct statement regarding heterocysts.
(a) These are present in some filamentous cyanobacteria such as Nostoc and Anabaend.
(b) These cells are specialiged to perform N_{rioxation, }
(c) These cells contain encyme nitrogenase.
(d) All of these.

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Key Concepts

Heterocysts

Heterocysts are specialized cells found within certain filamentous cyanobacteria that create a micro-oxic environment to facilitate a critical biochemical process. They are morphologically and physiologically distinct from the other vegetative cells in the filament, primarily to support functions that require low oxygen conditions.

Nitrogen Fixation

Nitrogen fixation is the biological process of converting atmospheric nitrogen (N2) into ammonia, which can then be assimilated into organic compounds. This process is essential for incorporating inert nitrogen from the air into the biosphere, supporting the growth and development of many organisms.

Nitrogenase

Nitrogenase is the key enzyme complex that catalyzes the nitrogen fixation process. It reduces atmospheric nitrogen gas to ammonia and is highly sensitive to oxygen, making its activity possible only in specialized conditions or cells, such as heterocysts, that limit oxygen exposure.

Filamentous Cyanobacteria

Filamentous cyanobacteria are a type of photosynthetic bacteria that form long chains of cells. Some of these cells differentiate into heterocysts, enabling the organism to carry out nitrogen fixation while concurrently engaging in photosynthesis in other cells.

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