Separate solutions of NaW, NaX, NaY and NaZ, each of...

Separate solutions of NaW, NaX, NaY and NaZ, each of concentrations $0.1 \mathrm{M}$, has $\mathrm{pH} 7.0,9.0,10.0$ and $11.0$
respectively, at $25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$. The strongest acid among these is
(a) $\mathrm{NaW}$
(b) NaX
(c) NaY
(d) $\mathrm{NaZ}$

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Key Concepts

pH Scale

The pH scale is a measure of the hydrogen ion concentration in a solution and ranges from 0 to 14. Lower pH values indicate higher acidity, while higher pH values indicate lower acidity or basicity. In acid-base chemistry, the pH scale helps determine the relative strength of acids and bases based on how much they dissociate to release hydrogen ions in solution.

Acid Strength

Acid strength refers to the tendency of an acid to donate protons (H+) in aqueous solutions. A stronger acid will dissociate completely or to a greater extent, resulting in a lower pH for a given concentration. Comparing solutions of equal concentration, the one with the lowest pH is considered to have the strongest acid present, as it produces the highest concentration of hydrogen ions.

Salt Hydrolysis

Salt hydrolysis is the reaction of anions or cations from a salt with water to form either acidic or basic solutions. The ions in a salt can interact with water, where the conjugate of a weak acid may generate a basic solution, or the conjugate of a weak base may generate an acidic solution. Understanding salt hydrolysis helps explain how salts can affect the pH of their aqueous solutions and thus indicate the relative acidity or basicity of the parent acid or base.

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