Sexual reproduction requires . a. meiosis b. fertilization...

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Key Concepts

Meiosis

Meiosis is a specialized type of cell division that occurs in sexually reproducing organisms. It reduces the chromosome number by half, ensuring that when gametes (sex cells) are formed, they carry only one set of chromosomes. This reduction is essential for maintaining the species-specific chromosome number across generations when fertilization occurs.

Fertilization

Fertilization is the process in which two gametes, typically one from each parent, merge to form a zygote. This merging unites the genetic material from both parents, restoring the diploid state and initiating the development of a new organism with a unique combination of genetic traits.

Gamete Formation

Gamete formation is the process by which specialized reproductive cells, or gametes, are produced in an organism. This process involves meiosis, which ensures that the resulting gametes contain only half the normal number of chromosomes. The formation of gametes is crucial for sexual reproduction, as it provides the necessary cells for fertilization.

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