Show that the following two mechanisms give the same net...

Show that the following two mechanisms give the same net overall reaction. Mechanism 1 $\mathrm{OCl}^{-}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O} \longrightarrow \mathrm{HOCl}+\mathrm{OH}^{-}$ $\mathrm{HOCl}+\mathrm{I}^{-} \longrightarrow \mathrm{HOI}+\mathrm{Cl}^{-}$ $\mathrm{HOI}+\mathrm{OH}^{-} \longrightarrow \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}+\mathrm{OI}^{-}$ Mechanism 2 $\begin{aligned} \mathrm{OCl}^{-}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O} \longrightarrow & \mathrm{HOCl}+\mathrm{OH}^{-} \\ \mathrm{I}^{-}+\mathrm{HOCl} & \longrightarrow \mathrm{ICl}+\mathrm{OH}^{-} \\ \mathrm{ICl}+2 \mathrm{OH}^{-} & \longrightarrow \mathrm{OI}^{-}+\mathrm{Cl}^{-}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O} \end{aligned}$

Key Concepts

Intermediate Species and Their Cancellation

Intermediate species are those that are formed in one step of the mechanism and consumed in a subsequent step. In comparing different mechanisms, recognizing that these intermediates cancel out when the steps are added together is crucial. This cancellation shows that although the mechanisms involve different pathways or transient species, they converge to the same net overall reaction.

Stoichiometry and Conservations

Stoichiometry involves the quantitative relationships between reactants and products in chemical reactions. When combining elementary reactions to obtain the net reaction, it is necessary to ensure mass and charge balance. Careful cancellation of common species (the intermediates) and correct tallying of stoichiometric coefficients demonstrate that different mechanisms yield the same overall reaction without violation of conservation laws.

Reaction Mechanisms

A reaction mechanism is a sequence of elementary steps that collectively describe how reactants are converted into products. Each individual step involves intermediate species that are typically not observed in the overall reaction. The proper summation of these steps, with the cancellation of intermediates, should yield the experimentally observed net reaction.

Net Reaction

The net reaction is the overall chemical change obtained when all the elementary steps in a reaction mechanism are added together. It is important that after canceling out the intermediate species, the sum of the reactants and products matches the experimentally determined overall reaction, ensuring that both mechanisms lead to the same final result.

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