Question
Silver and rubidium both form $+1$ ions, but silver is far less reactive. Suggest an explanation, taking into account the ground-state electron configurations of these elements and their atomic radii.
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Both elements belong to the 5th period of the periodic table. Show more…
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Copper and calcium both form +2 ions, but copper is far less reactive. Suggest an explanation, taking into account the ground-state electron configurations of these elements and their atomic radii.
(a) Compare the electron configurations and atomic radii (see Figure 7.7) of rubidium and silver. In what respects are their electronic configurations similar? Account for the difference in radii of the two elements. (b) As with rubidium, silver is most commonly found as the $1+$ ion, $\mathrm{Ag}^{+}$. However, silver is far less reactive. Explain these observations.
Use your knowledge of electron configurations to explain the following observations: a. Silver tends to form ions with a charge of $1+$, but the element to the right of silver in the periodic table tends to form ions with $2+$ charges. b. The heavier group 13 elements (Ga, In, TI) tend to form ions with charges of $1+$ or $3+$ but not $2+$ c. The heavier elements of group $14(\mathrm{Sn}, \mathrm{Pb})$ and group 4 (Ti, Zr, Hf) tend to form ions with charges of $2+$ or $4+$
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