Sodium salt of an organic acid ' X ' produces effervescences...

Sodium salt of an organic acid ' $X$ ' produces effervescences with conc. $\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}$. $' \mathrm{X}^{\prime}$ reacts with the acidified aqueous $\mathrm{CaCl}_{2}$ solution to give a white precipitate which decolourises acidic solution of $\mathrm{KMnO}_{4} .{ }^{\prime} \mathrm{X}^{\prime}$ is : (a) $\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{COONa}$ (b) $\mathrm{HCOONa}$ (c) $\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{COONa}$ (d) $\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{4}$

Sodium salt of an organic acid ' $X$ ' produces effervescences with conc. $\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}$. $' \mathrm{X}^{\prime}$ reacts with the acidified aqueous $\mathrm{CaCl}_{2}$ solution to give a white precipitate which decolourises acidic solution of $\mathrm{KMnO}_{4} .{ }^{\prime} \mathrm{X}^{\prime}$ is :
(a) $\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{COONa}$
(b) $\mathrm{HCOONa}$
(c) $\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{COONa}$
(d) $\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{4}$

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Key Concepts

Precipitation Reactions for Anion Detection

In inorganic qualitative analysis, precipitation reactions are used to identify the presence of specific anions. When a solution containing an organic anion is treated with a solution of a metal salt (such as calcium chloride), an insoluble salt may form if the anion reacts with the metal ion. This process helps in confirming the identity of the anion through the formation of a characteristic precipitate.

Acid?Catalyzed Decomposition of Organic Salts

Many organic salts, when treated with a strong acid like concentrated sulfuric acid, can undergo decomposition reactions. This often results in the formation of gaseous products, which is observed as effervescence. The behavior depends on the stability of the corresponding acid; if the acid formed is unstable, it may decompose, thereby releasing a gas.

Redox Reactions Involving Organic Anions and Permanganate

Acidified potassium permanganate (KMnO?) is a strong oxidizing agent and is often used in redox tests. Certain organic anions act as reducing agents and are oxidized by permanganate, leading to a noticeable decolourisation of the purple solution. This redox reaction is a classical test in analytical chemistry for determining the presence of reducing organic substances.

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