Suppose you have a mixture of sodium chloride, NaCl , and carbon, C. Explain how you can use wat

Suppose you have a mixture of sodium chloride, NaCl , and...

Key Concepts

Solubility

Solubility is the ability of a substance to dissolve in a solvent. In many separation processes, substances are chosen based on whether they are soluble or insoluble in a given solvent. This concept allows us to exploit differences in chemical behavior, as one substance can dissolve in the solvent while the other remains undissolved, making them easier to separate.

Filtration

Filtration is a physical separation technique that allows the separation of solid particles from a liquid solution. When a mixture is poured through a filter, the insoluble substances are retained on the filter paper while the dissolved substances pass through with the solvent, effectively separating the two components based on their physical properties.

Evaporation

Evaporation is a process used to recover a dissolved substance from a liquid solution. After the soluble substance has been separated from the insoluble matter via filtration, the solvent can be removed by evaporation, leaving behind the separated, recovered substance in a solid form.

Transcript

00:02 Hi.

00:03 For this question, you have a mixture of carbon, which is, of course, an element, and sodium chloride, which is an ionic compound.

00:18 So let's think for a second how we know that's an ionic compound.

00:21 It is composed of sodium, which is on the left side of the periodic table.

00:25 It means it's a metal.

00:26 And of chlorine, or the chloride ion, which is on the right side of the periodic table, meaning it is a non -metal.

00:33 So sodium chloride is an ionic compound.

00:38 So since this is a mixture of carbon, which is an element, and sodium chloride, which is an ionic compound, we should be able to separate it by physical means.

00:48 All mixtures can be separated by physical means.

00:51 We just have to think about the properties of these substances and find a place where their properties differ and then capitalize upon those.

00:59 Well, if we think about it, ionic compounds are soluble in water, whereas solid elements like carbon are not.

01:09 So that is where our water comes in.

01:14 So if we have some water, container of water here, and we go ahead and put these substances in here, the sodium chloride being ionic will dissolve.

01:25 It will dissolve into sodium ions, which are positively charged, and chloride ions, which are negative, charged.

01:33 In other words, as we're looking at this, this dissolving will cause the sodium chloride to appear to disappear.

01:39 It will be dissolved in solution.

01:42 Let's think about how we know it's still there.

01:45 What would happen if you were to taste this water at this point? that's right.

01:49 It would taste salty.

01:50 So the sodium chloride is still there.

01:52 It's just dissolved.

01:54 When we put the carbon in there, however, and you can think about carbon, think about a charcoal briquette that you have crushed up and you just have powdered carbon...

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