The boiling point of potassium is 759.90^∘ C. If potassium follows the general pattern of the ot

step 1 This is a science question about prediction. So specifically the boiling point of potassium, we'

The boiling point of potassium is 759.90^∘ C. If potassium...

The boiling point of potassium is $759.90^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$. If potassium follows the general pattern of the other elements in the table, its molar heat of fusion would be: F. below $8 \mathrm{kJ} / \mathrm{mol}$. G. between 8 and $11 \mathrm{kJ} / \mathrm{mol}$. H. between 11 and $14 \mathrm{kJ} / \mathrm{mol}$. J. between 14 and $18 \mathrm{kJ} / \mathrm{mol}$.

The boiling point of potassium is $759.90^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$. If potassium follows the general pattern of the other elements in the table, its molar heat of fusion would be:
F. below $8 \mathrm{kJ} / \mathrm{mol}$.
G. between 8 and $11 \mathrm{kJ} / \mathrm{mol}$.
H. between 11 and $14 \mathrm{kJ} / \mathrm{mol}$.
J. between 14 and $18 \mathrm{kJ} / \mathrm{mol}$.

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Key Concepts

Phase Transitions

Phase transitions involve changes in the state of matter, such as melting (fusion) and boiling. Understanding these transitions is crucial because they require energy input, which is quantified as the enthalpy of fusion or vaporization. The concept emphasizes how energy is absorbed or released during state changes.

Enthalpy of Fusion

The enthalpy of fusion is the amount of heat required to convert a substance from the solid phase to the liquid phase at its melting point. This concept is important in thermodynamics as it provides insight into the energy needed to overcome intermolecular or interatomic forces during melting.

Interatomic Forces and Cohesive Energy

Interatomic forces determine the strength of bonding within a substance, influencing properties such as melting and boiling points. Weaker forces typically result in lower phase transition enthalpies, because less energy is needed to break the bonds holding the atoms or molecules together.

Periodic Trends in Elemental Properties

Periodic trends help predict physical properties like melting point, boiling point, and enthalpy of fusion across groups in the periodic table. In the context of metals such as potassium, these trends indicate that a relatively low boiling point corresponds to weaker interatomic interactions and thus a lower heat of fusion.

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