Problem

About 50$\%$ of urinary calculi (kidney stoney st…

02:14

Problem 48 Hard Difficulty

The calcium ions in human blood serum are necessary for coagulation (Figure 15.5$) .$ Potassium oxalate, $\mathrm{K}_{2} \mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{4},$ is used as an anticoagulant when a blood sample is drawn for laboratory tests because it removes the calcium as a precipitate of $\mathrm{CaC}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{4} \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}$ . It is necessary to remove all but 1.0$\%$ of the $\mathrm{Ca}^{2+}$ in serum in order to prevent coagulation. If normal blood serum with a buffered pH of 7.40 contains 9.5 $\mathrm{mg}$ of $\mathrm{Ca}^{2+}$ per 100 $\mathrm{mL}$ of serum, what mass of $\mathrm{K}_{2} \mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{4}$ is required to prevent the coagulation of a 10 $\mathrm{mL}$ blood sample that is 55$\%$ serum by volume? (All volumes are accurate to two significant figures. Note that the volume of serum in a 10
mL blood sample is 5.5 $\mathrm{mL}$ . Assume that the $\mathrm{K}_{\mathrm{sp}}$ value for $\mathrm{CaC}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{4}$ in serum is the same as in water.)

Answer

5.39 $\mathrm{mg}$

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Chemistry 102

Chemistry

Chapter 15

Equilibria of Other Reaction Classes

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Video Transcript

So let me start by writing the equation for the removal of calcium to positive by using off the late iron on duh C A C two go full. Catch him too. Positive. US C two or four, too negative. The amount of cash into positive in a blood can be calculated as followed. So we know that 100 ml serum contains about nine point for you. Milligram of culture. Too positive. So when Emma will contain 9.5 divided by 100 catch him. Don't bother. Do therefore the mass off calcium in 5.5 Emily off serum can be calculated US zero point 52 9.5 Do I did my 100 5.5 milligram. So 5.5? Yeah, we know the molar mass for cash in positive is 40 gram per mole. So from this, we can calculate the number off moles off culture. So number off moles, which is m equal toe muss divided by Mama's mass calculated was 0.52 Then this double negative three. Using that 0.52 gentry. Stupid negative three. Graham divided by mama's 40 grounds. Number off mold of calcium will be 1.3 10 days to one negative five morals In order to prevent coagulation 99% off the cash into positive is removed the 1% of cash into positive mine in the equilibrium with oxygen. So how 99 so 99% off number off mold of calcium are 1.3 okay to 99% of 1.3 multiply 10 days to plan negative five moles Give this 1.29 Henry's to one negative five more since one mole of culture into positive will be needed. One more off obsolete for removal hands the mole off Obsolete for 99% of calcium removal are 1.29 10 days to plan negative five moles. So more off culture off Jochem equal toe total catching positive minus ITI. Moved Will be equal to 1.3 10 days to one negative five minus one point to 9 10 days. To prove a negative, waves will be equal to zero point 01 10 days to plan negative five, which is also equal to 10 days to one negative seven moods. We know the expression formal aridity is acquittal. Number off moles divided by pyre. Leader off solution. So substituting 10 days, Tobar. Negative seven for a number of moves. And for volume we have 0.1 Similarity equals 10 days to plan. Negative seven divided by zero point 010 later will be equal to 10 days to but negative for you. We already know the expression for Saul ability. KSB So he s B is acquittal. Concentration of calcium to positive with C two for two negative I in concentration. Substituting in the values we have C two or for two negative equals 1.96 month supply 10 days to our negative eight four K s people do. And for can Shinto positive ID concentration. It will be 10 days to plan. Negative five sold. Wing it. We have 1.96 10 days to our negative. Hey, sorry. Sorry. Kindest of a negative three for the mold off. See toe photo negative and equally brim with calcium to positive in a solution. So moles Oh C two awful to negative will be equal to 1.96 10 days to one negative three. Multiply it every super negative too. Really, Quinto 1.96 10 Based upon negative five moons, the total auxiliary it I am used can be calculated as so. Total morning will be equal off the lead for 99% off calcium to positive, less orders late for one person cash into positive, which gives us 1.9 multiple identities by negative five plus 1.96 Then they stop our negative five equal 3.25 I want to play it in just one negative five. Moz, moving on. Okay to C 24 Okay. To see two or 41 mole off the sold gives one mole off obsolete. So we have three point 25 10 days to point negative. Five so and number off more will be Quinto Maas. This is for Kato. C 24 Do I did buy more Dumas, so we need to determine the months. So massively beacon too. 3.25 10 days to one negative for you while deployed with Willow moss off 166. Give this 5.39 milligrams

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