The correct sequence of reagents used for conversion of...

The correct sequence of reagents used for conversion of aniline into Benzylamine is (a) $\mathrm{NaNO}_{2} \mathrm{HCl}, \mathrm{CuCN}, \mathrm{Sn} / \mathrm{HCl}$ (b) $\mathrm{NaNO}_{2} / \mathrm{HCl}, \mathrm{CuCN}, \mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}^{+}$ (c) $\mathrm{NaNO}_{2} / \mathrm{HCl}, \mathrm{Cu}^{+} / \mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{PO}_{2}, \mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{NH}_{2}$ (d) None of these

The correct sequence of reagents used for conversion of aniline into Benzylamine is
(a) $\mathrm{NaNO}_{2} \mathrm{HCl}, \mathrm{CuCN}, \mathrm{Sn} / \mathrm{HCl}$
(b) $\mathrm{NaNO}_{2} / \mathrm{HCl}, \mathrm{CuCN}, \mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}^{+}$
(c) $\mathrm{NaNO}_{2} / \mathrm{HCl}, \mathrm{Cu}^{+} / \mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{PO}_{2}, \mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{NH}_{2}$
(d) None of these

Key Concepts

Reduction of Nitriles to Amines

The reduction of nitriles to primary amines is an important transformation in organic synthesis. Once a nitrile group is introduced (for example, through a Sandmeyer reaction to form benzonitrile), it can be reduced to form the corresponding amine, such as benzylamine. This reduction typically requires a suitable reducing agent to convert the carbon-nitrogen triple bond into an amine functional group, thereby completing the transformation from an aromatic amine to an aliphatic amine derivative.

Diazotization

Diazotization is a key reaction in converting primary aromatic amines into diazonium salts. This is typically achieved by treating the amine with nitrous acid, which is generated in situ from sodium nitrite and an acid such as HCl. The resulting diazonium salt is highly reactive and serves as an excellent intermediate for various subsequent substitutions, making it foundational in aromatic synthetic strategies.

Sandmeyer Reaction

The Sandmeyer reaction involves the conversion of diazonium salts, formed via diazotization, into other substituted aromatic compounds using specific catalysts like copper salts. For instance, the use of copper(I) cyanide (CuCN) enables the replacement of the diazonium group with a cyano group. This reaction is crucial as it allows for the introduction of functional groups onto the aromatic ring that can be further transformed in subsequent synthetic steps.

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