Question

The decomposition of phosphine, a very toxic gas, forms phosphorus and hydrogen in the following reaction: $$4 \mathrm{PH}_{3}(g) \longrightarrow \mathrm{P}_{4}(g)+6 \mathrm{H}_{2}(g)$$ (a) Express the rate with respect to each of the reactants and products. (b) If the instantaneous rate with respect to $\mathrm{PH}_{3}$ is $0.34 M \mathrm{~s}^{-1}$, what is the instantaneous rate of the reaction?

Name: Problem 60, Chapter 13: Chemistry: The Molecular Nature of Matter
Uploaded: 2021-07-27T22:26:29-08:00
Duration: 1 min 21 s
Channel: David Collins
Description: The decomposition of phosphine, a very toxic gas, forms phosphorus and hydrogen in the following reaction: 4 PH3(g) ⟶P4(g)+6 H2(g) (a) Express the rate with respect to each of the reactants and products. (b) If the instantaneous rate with respect to PH3 is 0.34 M s^-1, what is the instantaneous rate of the reaction?

   The decomposition of phosphine, a very toxic gas, forms phosphorus and hydrogen in the following reaction: $$4 \mathrm{PH}_{3}(g) \longrightarrow \mathrm{P}_{4}(g)+6 \mathrm{H}_{2}(g)$$
(a) Express the rate with respect to each of the reactants and products.
(b) If the instantaneous rate with respect to $\mathrm{PH}_{3}$ is $0.34 M \mathrm{~s}^{-1}$, what is the instantaneous rate of the reaction?

Chemistry: The Molecular Nature of Matter

Neil D. Jespersen,… 7th Edition

Chapter 13, Problem 60

Instant Answer

Solved by Expert David Collins

07/27/2021

Step 1

For the decomposition of phosphine, we have the balanced chemical reaction: $$4 \mathrm{PH}_{3}(g) \longrightarrow \mathrm{P}_{4}(g)+6 \mathrm{H}_{2}(g)$$ Show more…

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The decomposition of phosphine, a very toxic gas, forms phosphorus and hydrogen in the following reaction: $$4 \mathrm{PH}_{3}(g) \longrightarrow \mathrm{P}_{4}(g)+6 \mathrm{H}_{2}(g)$$ (a) Express the rate with respect to each of the reactants and products. (b) If the instantaneous rate with respect to $\mathrm{PH}_{3}$ is $0.34 M \mathrm{~s}^{-1}$, what is the instantaneous rate of the reaction?

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Key Concepts

Stoichiometry

Stoichiometry involves the use of the coefficients in the balanced chemical equation to relate the changes in concentration of different species. In rate expressions, these coefficients serve as conversion factors between the rates of appearance of products and the rates of disappearance of reactants.

Reaction Rate

The reaction rate is defined as the change in concentration of a reactant or product per unit time. This rate is expressed by dividing the change in concentration by the corresponding stoichiometric coefficient, ensuring that the rate of reaction remains consistent regardless of which species is analyzed.

Instantaneous Rate

The instantaneous rate of reaction is the derivative of concentration with respect to time at a specific moment. It provides a snapshot of how quickly a reactant is being consumed or a product is being formed at that exact time, and it is fundamental for understanding the kinetics of a reaction.

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