The figures of merit of two galvanometers, whose resistances are 100 Ωand 20 Ωrespectively, are

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The figures of merit of two galvanometers, whose resistances...

The figures of merit of two galvanometers, whose resistances are $100 \Omega$ and $20 \Omega$ respectively, are $1^{\prime} 10^{-8} \mathrm{amp} /$ div and $2{ }^{\prime} 10^{-9} \mathrm{amp} /$ div respectively. The galvanometer, whose voltage sensitivity is more, is (a) nothing can be predicted (b) second (c) both (d) first.

The figures of merit of two galvanometers, whose resistances are $100 \Omega$ and $20 \Omega$ respectively, are $1^{\prime} 10^{-8} \mathrm{amp} /$ div and $2{ }^{\prime} 10^{-9} \mathrm{amp} /$ div respectively. The galvanometer, whose voltage sensitivity is more, is
(a) nothing can be predicted
(b) second
(c) both
(d) first.

Key Concepts

Galvanometer

A galvanometer is an instrument that detects and measures small electric currents. It uses the deflection of a magnetic needle or coil in response to current flow, with the deflection being calibrated in scale divisions. The sensitivity of a galvanometer determines its ability to measure minute currents accurately.

Current Sensitivity

Current sensitivity is a measure of the smallest amount of current that can cause a noticeable deflection on the galvanometer’s scale, typically expressed in amperes per division. It reflects how responsive the instrument is to low-level currents, with lower values indicating higher sensitivity.

Voltage Sensitivity

Voltage sensitivity refers to the deflection produced per unit voltage applied across the galvanometer. It can be determined by multiplying the current sensitivity by the instrument’s internal resistance, according to Ohm’s law. Instruments with higher voltage sensitivity will display greater deflection for a given voltage, which is critical in precision measurements.

Ohm's Law

Ohm's law is a fundamental principle in electrical circuits stating that the voltage across a resistor is equal to the product of the current flowing through it and the resistance (V = IR). In the context of galvanometers, this law helps convert current sensitivity into voltage sensitivity, thereby evaluating the instrument’s performance.

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