The following amino acid sequence is found in a tripeptide:...

Key Concepts

Transcription and Translation Process

Transcription is the process of synthesizing mRNA from the DNA template strand, and translation is the subsequent process where the ribosome reads the mRNA sequence in codons to assemble the corresponding amino acid chain (peptide). Understanding these processes is key to converting between nucleotide sequences (DNA and mRNA) and their resulting amino acid sequences.

DNA Template and Coding (Nontemplate) Strands

DNA exists as two strands: the template (antisense) strand and the coding (nontemplate or sense) strand. The template strand is the one that is read by RNA polymerase to synthesize a complementary mRNA molecule; in the mRNA, uracil (U) replaces thymine (T). The coding strand, on the other hand, has the same sequence as the mRNA (except T is used instead of U) and thereby defines the actual coding information for protein synthesis.

Codon Degeneracy

Many amino acids are encoded by more than one codon, a feature called degeneracy. For example, while Methionine (Met) and Tryptophan (Trp) are uniquely encoded by AUG and UGG respectively, Histidine (His) can be specified by either CAU or CAC. This means there are multiple mRNA sequences possible for a peptide sequence that includes an amino acid with more than one codon.

Genetic Code

The genetic code is the set of rules that dictate how sequences of three nucleotides, known as codons, correspond to specific amino acids. This coding system allows the conversion of nucleotide sequences into the amino acid sequences that make up proteins.

Transcript

00:02 Dear student, there is a question that the flung amino acid sequence is found in a tripeptide, met, trphis, give all possible nucleotide sequence on the mrna, on the template standard of dna and on the non -template standard of dna that can encode this tripeptide.

00:28 So here we have met.

00:30 I have given the code that is aug is the code used for met and for trp we use ugg code and for his we use these both code cac and cau so there are two possible sequences of these so we will do for the first possible sequencing for this mat so i will write with the run and this this is for mrna sequencing.

01:06 For mrna sequencing we will write, start from the 5 end and then we will write m -a -t, that is a -u -g, and the second code is it will be easy to write with different then so i will write u -g -g, and for the third code, and for the third, code i will first use this one that is c a u i can use both of them individually first i'm using c a new one so for mrna in first possible sequence we will do like this and for template standard i'll write t for template standard standard course sequencing will be from 5 to 3 to 5 so here we will write aden to thymeal then a then c and we use a c c then c then then c then and then g t and e so here is a five seconds so this is for the template one and what will be for the non template we write it for non template we start our sequence from five and and then with thiamine we add anine then a renine with thiamine and the cytosine and adamine and with adenine then again we have thymine with cytosine goannine cytosine and then we have govani thineineineineineine so we are going cytosine you write cytosine then with thyme you write agony and then with abenine you write thyme and then with abenine you write thyme and 3.

04:08 So this is the first possible way for nucleotized sequence and the second possible way for nucleotize sequence is for m rna and we will make the sequence from 5 end for napkinine will be the same and then for tryptophenyne we will use u -g -g and for his h -is we will use what this one c -a -c c -a and c and c then there will be three and for template standard you will start from three side and with adenine we will write thiamine with euracet, we will write adamine and with gawaning we will write cytosine...

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