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Problem 80

The formation constant for the reaction
$$\mathrm{Ni}^{2+}(a q)+6 \mathrm{NH}_{3}(a q) \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{Ni}\left(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\right)_{6}^{2+}(a q)$$
$$K_{\mathrm{f}}=5.6 \times 10^{8} \text { at } 25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$$
(a) What is $\Delta G^{\circ}$ at this temperature?
(b) If standard-state concentrations of the reactants and products are mixed, in which direction does the reaction proceed?
(c) Determine $\Delta G$ when $\left[\mathrm{Ni}\left(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\right)_{6}^{2+}\right]=0.010 M,\left[\mathrm{Ni}^{2+}\right]=$ $0.0010 M,$ and $\left[\mathrm{NH}_{3}\right]=0.0050 M .$ In which direction will the reaction proceed to achieve equilibrium?

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Chapter 20
Thermodynamics: Entropy, Free Energy, and the Direction of Chemical Reactions
CHEMISTRY: The Molecular Nature of Matter and Change 2016

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