The standard molar enthalpy of formation of CO2(g) is equal...

The standard molar enthalpy of formation of $\mathrm{CO}_{2}(\mathrm{g})$ is equal to (a) $0 ;$ (b) the standard molar heat of combustion of graphite; (c) the sum of the standard molar enthalpies of formation of $\mathrm{CO}(\mathrm{g})$ and $\mathrm{O}_{2}(\mathrm{g})$ (d) the standard molar heat of combustion of $\mathrm{CO}(\mathrm{g})$

The standard molar enthalpy of formation of $\mathrm{CO}_{2}(\mathrm{g})$ is equal to (a) $0 ;$ (b) the standard molar heat of combustion of graphite; (c) the sum of the standard molar enthalpies of formation of $\mathrm{CO}(\mathrm{g})$ and $\mathrm{O}_{2}(\mathrm{g})$
(d) the standard molar heat of combustion of $\mathrm{CO}(\mathrm{g})$

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Key Concepts

Standard Molar Enthalpy of Formation

This is the heat change when one mole of a compound is formed directly from its constituent elements in their most stable forms under standard conditions (typically 1 atm and 298 K). It serves as a reference point in thermodynamics and is defined to be zero for elements in their standard states.

Elements in Their Standard States

Elements in their most stable form at standard conditions (such as graphite for carbon and O? for oxygen) have a defined standard molar enthalpy of formation of zero. This convention simplifies the calculation of formation enthalpies for compounds since the energy contribution from the elements is taken as zero.

Standard Molar Heat of Combustion

The standard molar heat of combustion refers to the energy released when one mole of a substance reacts completely with oxygen under standard conditions. In the formation reaction of CO? from graphite and oxygen, the heat released is equivalent to the standard molar enthalpy of formation for CO?, since the reaction is identical to the combustion of graphite.

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