The stress-strain graph for a metal wire is as shown in the...

The stress-strain graph for a metal wire is as shown in the figure. In the graph, the region in which Hooke's law is obeyed, the ultimate strength and fracture points are represented by
(a) $O A, C, D$
(b) $O B, D, E$
(c) $O A, D, E$
(d) $O B, C, D$

Key Concepts

Fracture Point

The fracture point on a stress-strain curve marks the moment of material failure when the sample can no longer sustain the applied load, and it ultimately breaks. This point indicates the end of the material's deformability under the given conditions.

Hooke’s Law

Hooke’s Law is the principle stating that, within the limits of elasticity, the deformation (strain) of a material is directly proportional to the applied force (stress). This law is applicable to the initial, linear portion of a stress-strain curve where the material returns to its original shape if the stress is removed.

Elastic (Proportional) Limit

The elastic or proportional limit is the maximum stress at which a material still behaves elastically and the relationship between stress and strain remains linear. Beyond this point, the material begins to deform plastically, meaning the deformation becomes permanent.

Ultimate Tensile Strength (Ultimate Strength)

The ultimate tensile strength is the maximum stress that a material can withstand while being stretched or pulled before necking begins. It is represented by the peak point on the stress-strain curve, indicating the highest load-carrying capacity of the material.

Stress-Strain Curve

A stress-strain curve graphically represents how a material deforms (strain) in response to an applied load (stress). It provides insight into various mechanical properties of the material, such as its elasticity, yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, and ductility, thereby aiding in understanding the material's behavior under different loading conditions.

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