Thermometers are calibrated using the so-called "triple...

Thermometers are calibrated using the so-called "triple point" of water, which is $273.16 \mathrm{K}$ on the Kelvin scale and $0.01^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ on the Celsius scale. A one-degree difference on the Celsius scale is the same as a one-degree difference on the Kelvin scale, so there is a linear relationship between the temperature $T_{C}$ in degrees Celsius and the temperature $T_{K}$ in kelvins. (a) Find an equation that relates $T_{C}$ and $T_{K}$ (b) Absolute zero ( $0 \mathrm{K}$ on the Kelvin scale) is the temperature below which a body's temperature cannot be lowered. Express absolute zero in $^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$.

Thermometers are calibrated using the so-called "triple point" of water, which is $273.16 \mathrm{K}$ on the Kelvin scale and $0.01^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ on the Celsius scale. A one-degree difference on the Celsius scale is the same as a one-degree difference on the Kelvin scale, so there is a linear relationship between the temperature $T_{C}$ in degrees Celsius and the temperature $T_{K}$ in kelvins.
(a) Find an equation that relates $T_{C}$ and $T_{K}$
(b) Absolute zero ( $0 \mathrm{K}$ on the Kelvin scale) is the temperature below which a body's temperature cannot be lowered. Express absolute zero in $^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$.

Key Concepts

Linear Relationship Between Temperature Scales

This concept refers to the idea that temperature in one scale can be converted to another by applying a constant offset and a scaling factor. Both the Celsius and Kelvin scales change at the same rate, meaning each degree difference is equivalent on either scale, leading to a simple linear transformation between them.

Fixed Points in Temperature Calibration

Fixed points, such as the triple point of water, are used as precise reference markers for calibrating thermometers. They provide reproducible and well-defined conditions that allow for the establishment of consistent temperature scales by linking physical phenomena to numerical values.

Temperature Scale Conversion

Converting a temperature from one scale to another involves using a linear equation derived from fixed reference points. For Celsius and Kelvin, the relationship is established by recognizing that the scales differ only by a constant offset, which is determined through calibration at a known fixed point.

Absolute Zero

Absolute zero is the theoretical minimum temperature where molecular motion ceases. Its definition in the Kelvin scale is 0 K, and converting it to the Celsius scale using the linear transformation demonstrates the practical significance of calibration and conversion between different temperature measurement systems.

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