This section contains multiple choice questions. Each...

Name: Problem 74, Chapter 7: IIT JEE Super Course in Chemistry: Organic Chemistry
Uploaded: 2021-10-07T12:30:37-08:00
Duration: 1 min 1 s
Channel: Narayan Hari
Description: This section contains multiple choice questions. Each question has 4 choices (a), (b), (c) and (d), out of which ONLY ONE is correct. Which of the following pairs contain only reducing carbohydrates? (i) glucose, fructose (ii) maltose, lactose (iii) sucrose, cellulose (iv) starch, cellobiose (a) (i), (ii) and (iii) (b) (i), (ii) and (iv) (c) (i) and (ii) (d) (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)

This section contains multiple choice questions. Each question has 4 choices (a), (b), (c) and (d), out of which ONLY ONE is correct. Which of the following pairs contain only reducing carbohydrates? (i) glucose, fructose (ii) maltose, lactose (iii) sucrose, cellulose (iv) starch, cellobiose (a) (i), (ii) and (iii) (b) (i), (ii) and (iv) (c) (i) and (ii) (d) (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)

This section contains multiple choice questions. Each question has 4 choices (a), (b), (c) and (d), out of which ONLY ONE is correct.
Which of the following pairs contain only reducing carbohydrates?
(i) glucose, fructose
(ii) maltose, lactose
(iii) sucrose, cellulose
(iv) starch, cellobiose
(a) (i), (ii) and (iii)
(b) (i), (ii) and (iv)
(c) (i) and (ii)
(d) (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)

Key Concepts

Carbohydrate Structure

Carbohydrate structure, which includes monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides, plays a fundamental role in determining chemical reactivity. The specific arrangement and bonding of the sugar units affect whether functional groups, such as the carbonyl group at the anomeric carbon, are available for redox reactions, thereby classifying the carbohydrate as reducing or non-reducing.

Anomeric Carbon

The anomeric carbon is the carbon derived from the carbonyl group (aldehyde or ketone) in the sugar molecule. Its configuration and involvement in glycosidic bonds are critical because it directly affects a carbohydrate's ability to act as a reducing agent. A free anomeric carbon allows interconversion between cyclic and open-chain forms, which is necessary for reducing activity.

Glycosidic Linkages

Glycosidic linkages are the bonds that join individual sugar units in disaccharides and polysaccharides. The nature of these linkages, especially whether they involve the anomeric carbon, determines if a carbohydrate is reducing or non-reducing. When the anomeric carbon is involved in the glycosidic bond, it cannot open to form the reactive carbonyl group, rendering the sugar non-reducing.

Reducing Carbohydrates

Reducing carbohydrates are those that have a free aldehyde or ketone group capable of acting as a reducing agent. This functionality typically comes from an unbound anomeric carbon, which can exist in a reactive open-chain form, allowing the carbohydrate to reduce other compounds in redox reactions.

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