Question

Thyroxine (Section 14.9) is synthesized in the body by reaction of thyronine with iodine. Write the reaction, and tell what kind of process is occurring (Hint: See Section 13.5).

Name: Problem 61, Chapter 14: Fundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry
Uploaded: 2021-06-06T20:29:46-08:00
Duration: 1 min 11 s
Channel: David Collins
Description: Thyroxine (Section 14.9) is synthesized in the body by reaction of thyronine with iodine. Write the reaction, and tell what kind of process is occurring (Hint: See Section 13.5).

   Thyroxine (Section 14.9) is synthesized in the body by reaction of thyronine with iodine. Write the reaction, and tell what kind of process is occurring (Hint: See Section 13.5).

Fundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry

John McMurry, David… 1st Edition

Chapter 14, Problem 61

Instant Answer

Solved by Expert David Collins

06/06/2021

Step 1

First, we need to know the chemical formula of thyronine and iodine. Thyronine is also known as triiodothyronine, and its chemical formula is C15H12I3NO4. Iodine is a chemical element with the symbol I. Show more…

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Thyroxine (Section 14.9) is synthesized in the body by reaction of thyronine with iodine. Write the reaction, and tell what kind of process is occurring (Hint: See Section 13.5).

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Key Concepts

Thyroid Hormone Biosynthesis

Thyroid hormone biosynthesis exemplifies a biological process where iodination, an electrophilic aromatic substitution, occurs on tyrosine or its derivatives. In the thyroid gland, iodine is incorporated into the organic precursor (such as thyronine) to form active hormones like thyroxine. This process highlights how specialized enzyme-catalyzed reactions can harness classical organic mechanisms to produce critical physiological regulators.

Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution

Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution is a reaction mechanism where an electrophile attacks an electron-rich aromatic ring, substituting a hydrogen atom. In this process, an electrophilic iodine species replaces a hydrogen on the aromatic ring, and the mechanism is typified by the formation of a sigma complex followed by deprotonation. This reaction mechanism is fundamental in both synthetic organic chemistry and biochemistry.

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