To make ice, a freezer that is a reverse Carnot engine extracts 42 kJ as heat at -15^∘ C during

step 1 So here on this question we are given that to make a ice a refrigerator is used which is working

To make ice, a freezer that is a reverse Carnot engine...

To make ice, a freezer that is a reverse Carnot engine extracts $42 \mathrm{~kJ}$ as heat at $-15^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ during each cycle, with coefficient of performance $5.7 .$ The room temperature is $30.3^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$. How much (a) energy per cycle is delivered as heat to the room and (b) work per cycle is required to run the freezer?

Key Concepts

Reverse Carnot Engine

A reverse Carnot engine is a theoretical model for a refrigeration cycle that operates on the same principles as a Carnot engine but in reverse. Instead of converting heat into work, it uses work to transfer heat from a cold reservoir to a hot reservoir. This concept represents an idealized model of a refrigerator or heat pump, helping to establish benchmark limits for performance in real-world systems.

Coefficient of Performance (COP)

The coefficient of performance is a measure of the effectiveness of a refrigeration cycle, defined as the ratio of the heat removed from the cold reservoir to the work input required to achieve this heat removal. It quantifies how efficiently a refrigeration cycle operates compared to the work invested, and in ideal cycles such as the reversed Carnot, it provides a theoretical upper limit for performance.

Energy Balance in Refrigeration Cycles

The energy balance in refrigeration cycles is based on the first law of thermodynamics, where the work input into the system is equal to the net energy exchanged between the cold and hot reservoirs. This principle ensures that the sum of the energy absorbed from the cold side and the work done on the system equals the energy rejected to the hot side. Understanding this balance is crucial to analyzing and calculating the performance metrics such as work and heat transfer in refrigeration systems.

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