(Turtle: draw shapes) Write a program that draws a triangle, square, pentagon, hexagon, and octa

(Turtle: draw shapes) Write a program that draws a triangle,...

Key Concepts

Turtle Graphics

Turtle graphics is a popular method for programming vector graphics using a cursor, known as the ‘turtle’, which can be moved around the screen using simple commands. It is often used as an educational tool to help beginners understand programming concepts and geometric thought processes by visually representing movement and drawing commands.

Regular Polygons

A regular polygon is a geometric figure with all sides and angles equal. Understanding regular polygons is essential for drawing them accurately, where the equal internal angles and consistent side lengths determine the shape’s symmetry and overall structure.

Angle Calculation in Regular Polygons

Determining the correct turning angle when drawing a regular polygon is crucial. The external angle, which the drawing entity must turn at each vertex, is computed by dividing 360 degrees by the number of sides. This principle enables the creation of polygons with any number of sides by adjusting the turning angle appropriately.

Orientation and Heading Adjustment

Orientation and heading adjustment refer to setting the initial direction of the drawing tool so that the resulting shape is positioned as intended. For example, aligning one side of a polygon horizontally requires calculating and setting the correct initial heading, an important step in ensuring that the drawn shape conforms to a desired orientation.

Looping for Repeated Actions

Looping is a fundamental programming concept that involves executing a set of instructions repeatedly. When drawing shapes, loops are used to repeat the process of moving forward and turning, which streamlines the code and makes it easier to create complex or multiple shapes by iterating over a sequence of drawing commands.

Transcript

00:01 We're going to draw five shapes, a triangle, square, pentagon, hexagon, and octagon.

00:05 Obviously, we're going to import our turtle module, and i'm going to set a variable for side length.

00:11 It's going to be the same for all of them, so i'll just make it 40.

00:16 And then i want to set my pen size as well.

00:21 So pen size, and i'll do three.

00:28 So let's do the triangle.

00:30 So for this, we're just going to do a pen up because we want to move to the starting position without drawing.

00:40 Pen up.

00:41 And then, so now we're going to tell it to go to, i just decided to do negative 200 and negative 50 in the y.

00:54 It's just something you can play around with until it looks right.

00:56 I didn't do it for any specific reason other than to give space for the rest of the shapes.

01:02 And then now we can start drawing.

01:05 Tell the pen to get down on the paper.

01:10 And this i'm going to fill.

01:13 So eternal dot begin, fill.

01:21 And let's give it some color.

01:26 I'm going to do red for the triangle.

01:31 And i want to set the heading because i want i want a side on all of these shapes to be flat with the x -axis.

01:39 So i'm going to need to know those angles for all the shapes, which conveniently i just looked up.

01:46 So we want to set the heading for the triangle to be flat and if i set the heading to 60 because the interior angles of the triangle equal lateral triangle is 30 degrees is 60 degrees i'm sorry so if i set the heading to 60 then it's going to make sure that that first side is flat and then we will draw a triangle but actually a circle because circles are just a bunch of small sides anyway we're just going to tell the program that we're drawing a circle of this many sides specifically so it's side length and we're going to do steps of three so that's three sides and that's going to give us a triangle so then we can just end the fill well i'm having trouble typing here sorry so so there's our triangle.

02:55 Now this code is going to be essentially the same for everything else except for the starting position, the color i'm going to change, and the heading, and then of course the steps.

03:07 So i have conveniently copied and pasted a blank shell of that.

03:12 So the square, again, we're going to move the pen to start drawing the square.

03:17 And we're going to go to the square...

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