What are the formulas of the compounds that correspond to the names given in the following table

What are the formulas of the compounds that correspond to...

Key Concepts

Chemical Nomenclature

Chemical nomenclature is the systematic method used to name chemical compounds, providing a unique and consistent way to describe their composition. It involves rules set by IUPAC and other organizations to ensure that a compound's name conveys the identities of the elements present, their ratios, and often their structure or oxidation states, which in turn aids in determining the chemical formula.

Formula Writing

Formula writing is the process of converting a compound's name into its chemical formula by identifying the symbols of the constituent elements and using subscripts to indicate the number of atoms of each element in the compound. This process requires an understanding of the compound's composition and the application of systematic procedures to represent it accurately.

Stoichiometry and Charge Balance

Stoichiometry and charge balance involve ensuring that the total positive and negative charges in a chemical formula balance to achieve electrical neutrality. This is essential when writing formulas for ionic compounds, as the subscript ratios must reflect the relative charges of the cations and anions to result in a neutral compound.

Polyatomic Ions

Polyatomic ions are charged groups of covalently bonded atoms that behave as a single unit in ionic compounds. Recognizing and properly grouping these ions is critical in both naming compounds and writing their chemical formulas, as their identification simplifies the process of balancing charges in complex compounds.

Transcript

00:01 So in this video we're going to talk about question 116 from chapter 2, which asks us, what are the names of the compounds that correspond to the formulas given in the following table? and then we're given a table that contains six different formulas.

00:15 So the first formula we're given was co in 02 -2.

00:19 So this is an ionic compound with a polyatomic ion.

00:23 So our cat ion, co, is called cobalt.

00:27 And cobalt is one of those metals that could take a number of different positive charges, so it's necessary for us to indicate what charge it takes in the name by putting a number in roman numerals in parentheses after the name of the metal.

00:45 So after cobalt, we need to put whatever the charges on cobalt in parentheses.

00:50 So our anion in this case is nitrite.

00:54 And nitrate has a minus one charge.

00:57 So we have two of them, that's minus two, so our cobalt must have a charge of plus two.

01:03 So this is cobalt 2 nitrite.

01:08 Then we have asf5, so arsenic, as, and f, fluorine, are both non -metals.

01:17 So this is a covalent compound, and we need to name it using the rules for covalent compounds.

01:23 So for covalent compounds, we indicate the number of atoms, the number of a kind of atom that we have using a prefix like mono, dye, tri, tetra, or penta.

01:35 So in this case, we have arsenic.

01:39 And i'm not going to say mono arsenic because the first chemical, the first element in a chemical compound when you're naming a covalent compound does not get a prefix if there's just one of them.

01:52 So if there were two arsenics, i would say diarcinic.

01:55 But since there's just one of them, i'm going to say arsenic, not mono arsenic.

01:59 So i have arsenic and then i have five fluorides.

02:03 So this is arsenic pentafluoride.

02:09 And then i have l -i -c -n.

02:12 So l -i, that's lithium.

02:17 And then c -n is a polyatomic ion that we call cyanide.

02:22 So this is just lithium cyanide...