00:01
Okay, this problem is asking us to give the systematic name for these compounds.
00:03
So i'm going to zoom into the first one, and let's start off.
00:07
Okay, so first up we have this cyclopentane, and i know that's a cyclopentane because i have one, two, three, four, five carbons as a part of my cyclic structure.
00:15
So i know that in my suffix, i'm going to include the term cyclo -pentane.
00:21
Okay, where the pentane corresponds to the five -carbon nature, and the cyclo corresponds to the cyclic structure.
00:26
Okay, next up, i need to determine my substituents coming off.
00:30
Have this methyl group and i also have this ethyl group.
00:33
Okay, so ethyl is two carbons, methyl is one carbon.
00:36
Okay, so i'm going to write down in green those corresponding substituents and then we'll determine the order in a bit.
00:41
So i have a methyl group and i also have an ethyl group.
00:44
Okay, but the question is, what do i sign my numbers to? do i sign one to methyl and then two to ethyl? or do i sign one to ethyl and then two to methyl? and the answer is, whatever comes first in the alphabet, relatively.
00:57
So because ethyl comes first in the alphabet in comparison to methyl, i'm going to assign one to ethyl and then two to methyl.
01:05
So my numbering system would go like this.
01:07
One, two, three, four, five.
01:10
Okay, and that's just because ethyl comes first in comparison to methyl.
01:13
So one ethyl two methyl, methyl, two methyl cyclopentate.
01:22
Okay, next step, we have this compound right here.
01:25
This is a cyclobutane because i have one, two, three, four carbons.
01:29
So, butane corresponds to the four carbons.
01:32
Of nature and then the cyclo corresponds to the cyclic structure.
01:36
So cyclobutate.
01:37
Okay, next up, i have this ethel group coming off.
01:40
So that ethel group is just ethel, right? we don't have any other substituents to compare it to, so we don't have to write down one ethel because it would be pointless to assign one to it because we only have the one substituent.
01:50
So it would be just ethyl cyclobutane.
01:54
Okay, and then i'm trying to show that there's no space between that, so i'll just highlight that and move it over.
02:00
Okay, so that is ethyl cyclobutane.
02:02
Okay, next up, we have this structure.
02:04
And this is a cyclohexane because i have one, two, three, four, five, six carbons.
02:10
Okay, so my suffix is going to be cyclohexane.
02:14
And i'll just give myself more room.
02:17
Cyclohexane.
02:18
Okay, next up, i have the substituents.
02:21
I have three because i have this carbon right there, that carbon right there, and then these two carbons right there.
02:26
So i have two metals corresponding to, i'll write that in green, dye methyl, and then i also have an ethyl because i have two carbons in that chain.
02:38
So i have a dimethyl and an ethyl.
02:40
So as far as the numbering goes, i have kind of two ways of looking at it.
02:46
So i can either start my membrane here.
02:48
One, two, three, four, five, six.
02:52
Okay, that's one option.
02:54
Another option is, and by the way, i always want to start out a substituent if i can.
02:58
Okay, another way i can look at it is, i guess if i were to go like this, one, two, three, four, five, six.
03:04
Okay, so that's another option.
03:06
Another option is to start at this one, in which i have, one, two, three, four, and then five, six.
03:13
So which one is considered to be correct? well, don't worry about alphabetical order in this case, because we have two different options.
03:23
And that is technically the dimethyl comes first in the alphabet because of the d and then the ethyl.
03:30
But just side note on that, we don't consider dye as part of our alphabet.
03:35
Naming conventions.
03:36
Okay.
03:37
In this case, we would consider ethel to come first in the alphabetical prioritization list.
03:43
Okay.
03:44
So don't worry about that for now.
03:45
What we're worrying about is having the substituents on the lowest numbered carbons as a whole.
03:51
Okay, so if i were to start off with ethel as number one, like this, one, two, three, four, that would give me, at carbon number one, i have one carbon, so there's one ethyl, and then i would have three, four, dimethyl.
04:11
Okay, i'll just do that.
04:12
So that is one ethyl, three, four, dimethyl.
04:15
Okay, what about the other option? if i are to name in the opposite direction, starting from this one, we have one, two, three, four, that would correspond to one, two, dimethyl, and four ethyl.
04:28
So which one is the favorite one? i'm comparing this one, what's above, to the one on the bottom.
04:36
And the one on the top is actually the one that we prefer because we have one, two, and four, compared to one and three, four.
04:44
Because basically, if we add them up, this one comes out to a lower value.
04:48
Okay, so that's why we prefer my four to be paired up with my ethyl, and i want to be paired up with my dimethyl.
04:56
Okay, so i'm going to go ahead and name that.
04:59
Accordingly.
05:01
So i have, again, i have this assignment of 1, 2, 3, 4, 4 being my ethyl group.
05:08
So i'm going to write that out.
05:09
So i have 4 ethyl, and i have my 1, 2, dimethyl.
05:16
Okay, but which one is going to come first in terms of naming? so what i have right here, that's not part of my name, because i still have to write that according to my cyclohexane.
05:23
Okay, so i just need to pair this up.
05:25
So my 4 -ethyl is the one that's going to come first.
05:28
Even though 4 comes, after the one and two in the numerical system, the ethyl comes first in the alphabet, and that's what we do when we're assigning the full -out name.
05:39
So four -ethyl comes first, and that's because i'm comparing the e to the m, because we don't compare to the dye.
05:47
Okay, so four -ethyl -dash -1 -2 -dymethyl.
05:52
And i'll just give myself more room.
05:58
Okay, that should be enough.
05:59
And then one, two, die, methyl.
06:05
Okay, that's that.
06:06
Next step.
06:07
Okay, this compound.
06:08
And this compound, we don't have any cyclic structures.
06:11
Instead, we just have this long carbon chain.
06:13
So let's just figure out how many carbons we have.
06:15
One, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten.
06:18
Okay, a ten carbon structure that corresponds to decane.
06:22
So because there's no cyclic structure, i don't have to write out cyclodecane.
06:26
So i just write out decane.
06:28
Okay, what about my substituents? so i see that i have this methyl group attached to it, and i also have this methyl group attached to it.
06:34
But which one is going to be assigned to what number? so i know i'm going to have dimethyl in there somewhere, but the question is, what numbers do i assign to it? if i were to assign numbers this way, so one, two, three, four, et cetera, my first methyl group would come up a number five.
06:49
Okay, so that's an option.
06:51
The other option, which is actually the preferred one, is to have my carbon, my methyl group come up on a lower a number.
06:57
So 1, 2, 3.
06:59
The first methyl group comes up on number 3.
07:01
So this is the direction that we assign numbers in.
07:04
4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, meaning that we have a methyl group on carbon number 3 and on carbon number 6.
07:12
So it would be 3, 6, dye, methyl, and then just move that up and pair it up with decade.
07:20
Okay, so just like that, that is 3, 6, die methyl decade.
07:25
Okay, next step, this compound.
07:26
So this compound has, we see this cyclopropane, the probe corresponds to three carbons, and the cyclo corresponds to the cyclic structure.
07:36
But we would only assign cyclopropane as the suffix if it was the longest carbon chain.
07:41
In this case, it's not because the longest carbon chain is considered to be this one.
07:45
One, two, three, four, five, six.
07:47
So we know our suffix is going to be hexane, meaning that this right here is going to be called my subsistence.
07:57
Coming off of that hexane.
07:59
So where is that substituents coming off of? it's coming off on carbon number two, right? because i have one, two, three, four, five, six.
08:06
It's coming off on number two.
08:07
So it's going to be two something hexane.
08:10
Okay, but what is it going to be? because i have this cyclopropane as a substituent, anytime i have a substituent, i want to have it end in ill, yl.
08:20
See, as a parent by dimethyl, ethyl, um, propyl, et cetera.
08:25
So this is going to be, um, um, 2...