What is each compound's systematic name?

Name: Problem 62, Chapter 3: Organic Chemistry
Uploaded: 2020-07-21T10:25:58-08:00
Duration: 8 min 26 s
Channel: Tom Rutherford
Description: What is each compound's systematic name?

Key Concepts

Systematic Naming of Organic Compounds

Systematic naming for organic compounds involves identifying the longest continuous chain of carbon atoms, recognizing and naming substituents and functional groups, and assigning correct locants. This methodical approach allows chemists to deduce the molecular structure from the name and maintain consistency in naming across different compounds.

Systematic Naming of Inorganic Compounds

For inorganic compounds, systematic naming includes following agreed-upon conventions that often involve indicating oxidation states, names of ligands or polyatomic ions, and the overall composition of the compound. This systematic approach ensures that even complex inorganic species are named in a clear and unambiguous manner.

IUPAC Nomenclature

IUPAC nomenclature is the system established by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry to provide unique and standardized names for chemical compounds. Its structured rules help convey the detailed composition and structure of compounds, ensuring clarity and uniformity in chemical communications worldwide.

Transcript

00:01 Okay, this problem is asking us to give the systematic name for each of these compounds.

00:04 So let's go to the first one.

00:06 Okay, for this one, we recognize that we have an amine.

00:08 So an amine is basically a compound with a nitrogen in it.

00:12 Okay, so what i'm going to do is i'm going to start out with locating the longest carbon chain.

00:17 So my longest carbon chain is one, two, three, four carbons.

00:21 Okay, so that means that i'm going to have something that ends in butane for now.

00:27 Okay, but again, this problem has an amine.

00:30 So we have to incorporate my amine into my systematic name.

00:34 So right now i have butane, but i'm going to drop the e.

00:37 So i drop the e and replace it with butan amine.

00:41 Okay, so the amine is incorporated into the parental name.

00:45 Okay, and then again, i have to show where my amine is in this compound.

00:49 So it's not just connected to the last carbon or the first carbon.

00:52 It's actually connected to this carbon right there.

00:54 It's somewhere in the middle.

00:55 And the thing about amines is that they prefer to be on the lowest numbered carbon.

00:59 So i'm actually going to rearrange this.

01:01 I'm not going to label it left to right.

01:03 I'm going to label it one, two, three, four right to left because i'm going to have that amine on the second carbon rather than the third.

01:10 Okay, so that's going to be on two, the second carbon.

01:13 So two, butanamine.

01:14 That would be the systematic name.

01:16 Okay, moving on to the next one, i have this compound.

01:19 So first things first, as always, i count my longest carbon chain.

01:22 So one, two, three, four, four carbons on.

01:26 That is going to be butane.

01:27 And it's not going to be anything like butanamine.

01:29 Or butan chloride or anything like that because chlorine does not affect the overall parental name of it.

01:35 But it is incorporated as a substitute.

01:38 In this case, it's going to be called chloro.

01:44 But my chloro, it's not on carbon three, just like how my amide wasn't on carbon three.

01:48 It's actually going to be on carbon number two.

01:50 And that's because we prefer to have any substituent, as long as it's an alkan, to be on the lowest number of carbon.

01:56 So we're going to have one, two, three, four.

01:59 It's going to be on the second carbon means it's going to be two chlorobutane.

02:05 Okay, moving on to this one.

02:07 Same thing.

02:07 We have a alkan.

02:09 It's going to be someone that ends in ae, but now we have to figure out how many carbons it has.

02:14 So longest carbon chain always first.

02:16 So one, two, three, four.

02:20 Oh, okay, so we ran into an nitrogen.

02:21 So it's not actually a just an alkan.

02:24 It's actually an amine.

02:25 Okay, so that was hidden in there.

02:26 I actually didn't catch that.

02:27 So that's one, two, three, four carbons.

02:29 Okay.

02:29 So we'll note that on this side.

02:32 And then on the other side of the nitrogen, we have a two carbons.

02:36 So that would be an ethyl.

02:37 So one, two carbons.

02:38 So we know that my longest carbon chain is actually this part.

02:41 Okay, so what i'm going to do is go ahead and label this butane.

02:47 Okay, but it's not butane because we have to incorporate my nitrogen into that.

02:51 So it's going to be butanamine.

02:54 Okay, and then that carbon, sorry, that nitrogen is incorporated onto the third carbon in this case.

03:01 I'm going to renumber this so that i can get it into a different position.

03:05 I'm going to have it on the second carbon instead.

03:07 So it's going to be two butanamine.

03:10 And then right here, i have my ethel attached to my nitrogen, which means i'm going to have to have an ethyl, n -ethyl to beutanamine.

03:20 Okay, and the next part is going to be this part.

03:23 Okay, so this is an ether characterized by the connection of my oxygen to two different carbons.

03:30 So what i have to do this, i still have to incorporate my longus carbon chain.

03:34 So i have one, two, three carbons.

03:37 So i have propane.

03:41 Okay...

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