What is the conjugate acid of each base? a. H2O b. ^-NH2 c. HCO3^- d. CH3CH2NHCH3 e. CH3OCH3 f.

What is the conjugate acid of each base? a. H2O b. ^-NH2 c....

Key Concepts

Brønsted-Lowry Acid-Base Theory

This theory defines acids as proton donors and bases as proton acceptors. It provides a fundamental framework for understanding acid-base reactions by showing that every acid-base reaction involves the transfer of a proton from the acid to the base.

Conjugate Acid-Base Pairs

In any acid-base reaction, when a base accepts a proton, it becomes its conjugate acid, while the acid, after donating a proton, becomes its conjugate base. These paired species are known as conjugate acid-base pairs, and they are central to predicting the direction of acid-base equilibria.

Proton Transfer Reactions

These reactions are characterized by the movement of a proton (H+) between chemical species. Proton transfer is the key process in forming conjugate acid-base pairs, and understanding it is essential for analyzing the behavior and relative strengths of acids and bases.

Transcript

00:02 This is the answer to chapter 2, problem number 35, from the smith organic chemistry textbook.

00:10 And this problem asks us to draw the conjugate acid of each of these bronstead -lowary bases.

00:18 And so remember, by definition, a bronstead -lowary base is a molecule that can accept a proton.

00:26 And so essentially what we're going to do for each of these six is just add a proton.

00:31 I mean, it should be pretty apparent as to where that protons can add in many of these cases.

00:39 Actually, in just about all of them, there's really only one place the proton can add.

00:43 So, for example, in a, h2o is going to become h3o plus for b.

00:54 And you know what? i'm going to go ahead and put loan pairs in because it may be helpful if you're still not entirely certain.

01:03 About some of this.

01:05 So i'll put loan pairs in very quickly.

01:18 Okay.

01:19 So there we go.

01:20 So that might help you decide where to where to put the hydrogen.

01:24 So for b it's going to go on the nitrogen.

01:28 So nh2 minus is going to become nh3 uncharged and now with only a single loan pair on the nitrogen.

01:40 H .c .o .3 minus is going to become, well, so rather than write h2c .o .3, that would be a correct answer, but just to make it, i guess, a little easier to see, you could write h303h.

01:59 And so that's actually, it's going to look like a central carbon.

02:14 So here you go.

02:15 Here's the starting material with three loan pairs and negative charge on one of these oxygens...

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