Question

What is the difference between distillation, distillation under reduced pressure and steam distillation ?

   What is the difference between distillation, distillation under reduced pressure and steam distillation ?

NCERT Class 11 Part 2 - Chemistry

NCERT Class 11 Part 2 - Chemistry

J.V. Narlikar 1st Edition

Chapter 12, Problem 20

Instant Answer

Solved by Expert Nadir Iqbal

01/04/2022

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The vapors are then condensed by cooling to produce a purified liquid. This method is used for the purification of a liquid that boils without decomposition and contains non-volatile impurities. Mathematically, it can be represented as: \[ \text{Liquid} Show more…

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What is the difference between distillation, distillation under reduced pressure and steam distillation ?

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Key Concepts

Distillation

This is a separation process that involves heating a liquid mixture to convert one or more components into vapor based on differences in their boiling points. The vapor is then condensed back into a liquid to achieve a separation of substances. This method is commonly used when the components have significantly different boiling points and are stable at the temperatures required for vaporization.

Distillation under Reduced Pressure

Also known as vacuum distillation, this process involves carrying out the distillation at pressures lower than atmospheric pressure. The reduced pressure decreases the boiling points of the components, which is particularly useful for substances that might decompose or react at higher temperatures. This technique allows for the gentle separation of thermally sensitive compounds while minimizing energy consumption.

Steam Distillation

This distillation technique involves passing steam through a mixture to volatilize compounds that are immiscible or only slightly miscible with water. The co-distillation with steam occurs at temperatures lower than the normal boiling points of the organic compounds, allowing for the extraction of heat-sensitive materials such as essential oils. The process is effective in separating volatile components that would otherwise require high temperatures for distillation.

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