What is the drift velocity of electrons if the current...

What is the drift velocity of electrons if the current flowing through a copper wire of $1 \mathrm{~mm}$ diameter is $1.1 \mathrm{~A} ?$ Assume that each atom of copper contributes one electron: (Given : density of $\mathrm{Cu}=9 \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{cm}^{3}$ and atomic weight of $\mathrm{Cu}=63$ ) (a) $0.3 \mathrm{~mm} / \mathrm{s}$ (b) $0.5 \mathrm{~mm} / \mathrm{s}$ (c) $0.1 \mathrm{~mm} / \mathrm{s}$ (d) $0.2 \mathrm{~mm} / \mathrm{s}$

What is the drift velocity of electrons if the current flowing through a copper wire of $1 \mathrm{~mm}$ diameter is $1.1 \mathrm{~A} ?$ Assume that each atom of copper contributes one electron: (Given : density of $\mathrm{Cu}=9 \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{cm}^{3}$ and atomic weight of $\mathrm{Cu}=63$ )
(a) $0.3 \mathrm{~mm} / \mathrm{s}$
(b) $0.5 \mathrm{~mm} / \mathrm{s}$
(c) $0.1 \mathrm{~mm} / \mathrm{s}$
(d) $0.2 \mathrm{~mm} / \mathrm{s}$

Key Concepts

Electron Density

Electron density, in the context of conduction in materials, refers to the number of conduction electrons per unit volume. It is typically determined using the material's density and atomic weight along with Avogadro's number, especially in metals where each atom contributes a specific number of free electrons.

Material Properties

Material properties such as density and atomic weight are essential for calculating the electron density in a conductor. These properties allow one to determine the number of atoms per unit volume, and hence the number of conduction electrons available for carrying current.

Drift Velocity

Drift velocity is the average velocity attained by charged particles, such as electrons, in a conductor due to an applied electric field. It represents the net motion of electrons superimposed on their random thermal motion and is typically calculated using the relation v = I/(n e A), where I is the current, n is the charge carrier density, e is the elementary charge, and A is the cross?sectional area of the conductor.

Current Density

Current density is a measure of the electric current per unit cross-sectional area in a material. It plays a critical role in connecting macroscopic current flow with microscopic charge carrier motion, thereby linking how densely packed the flowing charge carriers are in a given area.

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