What is the vapor pressure at 23^∘ C of a solution of 1.20 g of naphthalene, C10 H8, in 25.6 g

step 1 Here is solution of 1 .20 gram naphthalene in 25 .6 gram of benzene at 23 degrees centigrade. Va

What is the vapor pressure at 23^∘ C of a solution of 1.20...

What is the vapor pressure at $23^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ of a solution of $1.20 \mathrm{~g}$ of naphthalene, $\mathrm{C}_{10} \mathrm{H}_{8}$, in $25.6 \mathrm{~g}$ of benzene, $\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{6}$ ? The vapor pressure of pure benzene at $23^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ is $86.0 \mathrm{mmHg} ;$ the vapor pressure of naphthalene can be neglected. Calculate the vaporpressure lowering of the solution.

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Key Concepts

Mole Fraction

The mole fraction is a way of expressing concentration that represents the ratio of the number of moles of one component to the total number of moles in the mixture. It is a unitless measure used in applying Raoult's Law to determine changes in vapor pressure when a solute is dissolved in a solvent.

Vapor Pressure Lowering

Vapor pressure lowering is the reduction in the vapor pressure of a solvent due to the presence of a non-volatile solute. The degree of lowering is directly related to the solute concentration and is one of the empirical manifestations of colligative properties in solutions.

Colligative Properties

Colligative properties are characteristics of solutions that depend on the number of solute particles present rather than the type of particles. Vapor pressure lowering is one of these properties and is influenced solely by the concentration of solute in the solvent, regardless of its identity, as long as it is non-volatile.

Raoult's Law

Raoult's Law states that the vapor pressure of a solvent in a solution is proportional to the mole fraction of the solvent. It implies that when a non-volatile solute is added to a solvent, the vapor pressure of the solvent decreases in direct proportion to the reduction in its mole fraction, leading to vapor pressure lowering.

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