What volume of ethylene glycol (C2 H6 O2), a nonelectrolyte, must be added to 15.0 L water to p

step 1 All right guys, you're doing problems 76 of Chapter 11. and Kenneth let me show you 2017. They w

What volume of ethylene glycol (C2 H6 O2), a nonelectrolyte,...

What volume of ethylene glycol $\left(\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{6} \mathrm{O}_{2}\right)$, a nonelectrolyte, must be added to $15.0 \mathrm{~L}$ water to produce an antifreeze solution with a freezing point of $-25.0^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ ? What is the boiling point of this solution? (The density of ethylene glycol is $1.11$ $\mathrm{g} / \mathrm{cm}^{3}$, and the density of water is $1.00 \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{cm}^{3} .$ )

Key Concepts

Molality and Concentration Calculations

Molality is a concentration measurement defined as the number of moles of solute per kilogram of solvent. It is a crucial parameter in colligative property calculations because it remains unaffected by temperature changes, allowing one to relate the concentration of solute to changes in physical properties like freezing or boiling points.

Boiling Point Elevation

Boiling point elevation refers to the increase in the boiling point of a solvent when a solute is dissolved in it. This phenomenon is measured with the ebullioscopic constant and is proportional to the molality of the solute particles in the solution.

Density and Volume-to-Mass Conversion

Density is a fundamental property that relates mass and volume of a substance. In problems involving solutions, it is often necessary to convert between volume and mass using the density, particularly when dealing with liquids where the mass of the solute or solvent is required for molality calculations.

Colligative Properties

Colligative properties are solution properties that depend on the number of solute particles present in the solution rather than their identity. This concept is used to understand how adding a nonvolatile solute can affect boiling point elevation, freezing point depression, vapor pressure lowering, and osmotic pressure in a solvent.

Freezing Point Depression

Freezing point depression is the process by which the addition of a solute to a solvent lowers the freezing point of the solution relative to that of the pure solvent. This effect is quantified using a constant called the cryoscopic constant, and it is based solely on the concentration of solute particles in the solution.

Transcript

00:01 All right guys, you're doing problems 76 of chapter 11.

00:03 And kenneth let me show you 2017.

00:05 They want to order volume of ethylene glycol.

00:08 A non electrolyte must be added to 15 liters water to produce antifreeze solution with a freezing point of minus 25 degrees celsius.

00:16 So what is the boiling point of the solution? and they're given the densities of battling like coal and water? so we're gonna use this formula uh delta t.

00:29 Is equal to k.

00:30 M.

00:31 And we're going to first start with the freezing point.

00:35 So since water's freezing point is 20 is 0°c and it's decreasing the -25°c. that means that the tea is gonna be 25.

00:45 We're going to find the morality of solution.

00:48 So m is equal to delta t over k.

00:53 And that's going to be equal to 25 .0° c over k.

01:00 Um and k for water.

01:02 Uh take a freezing point.

01:04 Water is one point 86.

01:10 Next three c ties, kg per mole is going to equal uh 13 0.4 malls per kilogram.

01:28 Remember this is moles of ethylene glycol for kilograms of water order.

01:38 So the way we figure out the volume is first we have to that's the first thing we have to do is figure is isolate the number.

01:51 The the first thing we have to do is get rid the kilograms of water.

02:00 So we know that density of water is one g per cubic centimeter and remember one cc.

02:09 That's equal to one middle leader.

02:14 So let's do this.

02:16 Um one graham per cubic centimeter times.

02:24 Want that one kg for 2000 g.

02:33 Remember once one cc is equal to one middle leader and 1000 liters equal to one leader.

02:39 So that means that one cubic meter.

02:43 So that means that 1000 cuban mirrors are going to be equal to one leader cubic cubic meter divided by one leader.

02:53 So the thousands cancel out.

02:55 So that means that our density of order is going to be equal to one kg for one leader.

03:03 So since we have 15 15 l of water.

03:09 Yes, that's gonna be the densest this.

03:12 And since we have 15 15 l of water slaughter, we can isolate number of moles.

03:24 So this is going to be equal to the h two well leader and bye...

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