What will be the molarity of the resulting solutions made by...

What will be the molarity of the resulting solutions made by mixing the following? Assume that volumes are additive. (a) $125 \mathrm{~mL}$ of $5.0 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{PO}_{4}$ with $775 \mathrm{~mL}^{2}$ of $\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}$ (b) $250 \mathrm{~mL}$ of $0.25 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}$ with $750 \mathrm{~mL}$ of $\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}$ (c) $75 \mathrm{~mL}$ of $0.50 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{HNO}_{3}$ with $75 \mathrm{~mL}$ of $1.5 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{HNO}_{3}$

What will be the molarity of the resulting solutions made by mixing the following? Assume that volumes are additive.
(a) $125 \mathrm{~mL}$ of $5.0 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{PO}_{4}$ with $775 \mathrm{~mL}^{2}$ of $\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}$
(b) $250 \mathrm{~mL}$ of $0.25 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}$ with $750 \mathrm{~mL}$ of $\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}$
(c) $75 \mathrm{~mL}$ of $0.50 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{HNO}_{3}$ with $75 \mathrm{~mL}$ of $1.5 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{HNO}_{3}$

Key Concepts

Volume Additivity

Volume additivity is the assumption that the total volume of a mixture is equal to the sum of the individual component volumes. This assumption simplifies the calculation of the final concentration when different volumes of solutions or solvents are combined.

Conservation of Moles

The conservation of moles principle states that the total number of moles of solute remains unchanged when solutions are mixed or diluted. This concept is critical when calculating the final molarity of a solution, as it underlies the dilution equations used.

Dilution

Dilution refers to the process of decreasing the concentration of a solution by adding more solvent, while keeping the amount of solute constant. It involves calculating the new concentration after the solution's volume has increased, often using the relation M1V1 = M2V2.

Molarity

Molarity is the concentration of a solution expressed as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. It is a fundamental concept in chemistry for quantifying the amount of a substance present in a given volume and is essential for preparing solutions and performing stoichiometric calculations.

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