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When $\mathrm{KNO}_{3}$ is dissolved in water, the resulting solution is significantly colder than the water was originally.(a) Is the dissolution of $\mathrm{KNO}_{3}$ an endothermic or an exothermic process?(b) What conclusions can you draw about the intermolecular attractions involved in the process?(c) Is the resulting solution an ideal solution?
a. Dissolution of $\mathrm{KNO}_{3}$ is an endothermic process wherein heat is absorbed when $\mathrm{KNO}_{3}$ is dissolved in water. This is because of hydration of ions does not provide enough energy to break the lattice. To compensate the energy requirement, external energy is required. This energy is absorbed from the surrounding and hence the temperature of the solution is decreased.b. Solute- solute interactions and solvent-solvent interaction is greater than that of solute-solvent. As a result of this, there is absorption of energy or the reaction is endothermic in nature.c. Ideal solution is the solution in which no release or absorption of heat during the formation of the solution or there is no temperature change during the reaction. Since there is drop in temperature during the dissolution of $\mathrm{KNO}_{3}$ , this solution will not be an ideal solution.
01:24
Aadit S.
Chemistry 102
Chapter 11
Solutions and Colloids
Solutions
University of Central Florida
Drexel University
Brown University
University of Toronto
Lectures
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If a solution becomes cold when the solvent mixes with the salyut, then heat is being absorbed from the surroundings, causing the solution to become cold. If heat is absorbed from the surroundings, this is an example of an endo thermic process. Energy is required for an end to thermic process. The energy comes as heat from the surroundings. So energy because this is an endo thermic process being required suggests that the ion ion interactions are stronger than the ion solvent interactions. The ion solvent interactions are what are created when the solution is formed and in order to get these weaker interactions to form than energy must be required. And for part C is the resulting solution an ideal solution? No, it is not. An ideal solution would be a solution created from a solvent and a salute where an appreciable amount of heat is not evolved or absorbed.
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