00:03
This is the answer to chapter 20, problem number three from the smith organic chemistry textbook.
00:10
And in this problem, we're given four pairs of molecules, and we're asked which compound in each pair is more reactive towards nucleophilic attack.
00:20
And so, in order to answer this, we need to know that aldehydes are more reactive than ketones.
00:28
And then when we're looking in carbonyl compounds with leaving groups, so amides, esters, the better the leaving group, the more reactive the carbonyl compound.
00:40
So i guess it would be amides esters and acid chlorides.
00:44
Okay, so then for a, we're comparing an aldehyde to a ketone, and so the aldehyde is going to be significantly less hindered than the corresponding ketone.
00:57
And so the aldehyde is going to be the more reactive carbonyl.
01:01
Okay.
01:02
So then in b, we are comparing two ketones that are pretty similar, but the first one is much less hindered than the second one.
01:15
So the second one has an extra methyl group on an alpha carbon.
01:20
Well, really, so it has extra methyl groups on both alpha carbons.
01:24
So it has an ethyl to the right as well.
01:29
And so the first ketone here is going to be the more reactive one because it's less hindered.
01:35
So then looking at c, we're comparing how good of leaving groups these two carbonyl compounds have...