Which of the following are electrophiles, and which are...

Which of the following are electrophiles, and which are nucleophiles?
$\mathrm{H}^{-} \quad \mathrm{AlCl}_{3} \quad \mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{O}^{-} \quad \mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{C} \equiv \mathrm{CH}$ $\quad\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{C^{+}HCH}_{3}$$\quad\mathrm{NH}_{3}$

Key Concepts

Lewis Base

A Lewis base is any chemical species that can donate a pair of electrons to form a new chemical bond. This concept overlaps with that of nucleophiles since many nucleophilic species act as Lewis bases in various chemical reactions. Their ability to donate electrons is fundamental to forming bonds in a wide array of chemical processes.

Lewis Acid

A Lewis acid is any chemical species that can accept a pair of electrons to form a new chemical bond. This definition is broader than that of electrophiles, though many electrophiles function as Lewis acids. They are key participants in many catalytic processes and reaction mechanisms in both organic and inorganic chemistry.

Nucleophile

A nucleophile is a chemical species that typically donates an electron pair during chemical reactions. They are generally electron rich, often bearing a negative charge or having lone pairs that can be shared, which enables them to attack electron-deficient centers. Nucleophiles are central to many reaction mechanisms in organic chemistry, including substitution and addition reactions.

Electrophile

An electrophile is a chemical species that tends to accept an electron pair. These species are usually electron deficient — often carrying a positive charge or possessing empty orbitals — which makes them prone to react with electron-rich entities. Electrophiles play a crucial role in many organic reactions, such as addition and substitution reactions, where they interact with nucleophiles.

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