Which of the following best describers the product of the...

Which of the following best describers the product of the reaction of $(\mathrm{E})-2$ -butene and hydrogen chloride? (a) The product is not optically active and contains one stereogenic $\mathrm{C}$ atom. (b) The product is optically active and contains a stereogenic $\mathrm{C}$ atom. (c) The product is optically active but contains no stereogenic $\mathrm{C}$ atom. (d) The product is not optically active and contains no stereogenic $\mathrm{C}$ atom.

Which of the following best describers the product of the reaction of $(\mathrm{E})-2$ -butene and hydrogen chloride?
(a) The product is not optically active and contains one stereogenic $\mathrm{C}$ atom.
(b) The product is optically active and contains a stereogenic $\mathrm{C}$ atom.
(c) The product is optically active but contains no stereogenic $\mathrm{C}$ atom.
(d) The product is not optically active and contains no stereogenic $\mathrm{C}$ atom.

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Key Concepts

Electrophilic Addition Reaction

An electrophilic addition reaction involves an electrophile reacting with an electron?rich double or triple bond. In such reactions, the ? bond is broken and new sigma bonds are formed as the electrophile adds to one of the carbons, typically following the stability and regioselectivity rules of the intermediate formed.

Markovnikov's Rule

Markovnikov's rule predicts that in the addition of a protic acid (HX) to an asymmetrical alkene, the hydrogen from HX will add to the carbon with more hydrogen atoms, leading to the more stable carbocation intermediate. This rule helps determine the major product in such addition reactions.

Stereogenic Centers

A stereogenic center, often a carbon atom, is one that is attached to four different groups, and its configuration can lead to chirality. The formation of such centers during a chemical reaction is central to understanding the molecule’s potential to exhibit optical activity.

Racemic Mixture and Optical Activity

When a reaction produces a stereogenic center through a planar intermediate, the subsequent attack by a nucleophile can occur from either side with equal probability, leading to a racemic mixture. Although individual molecules may be chiral, the overall mixture is optically inactive because the effects of the enantiomers cancel each other out.

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