Which of the following chemical reactions depicts the...

Which of the following chemical reactions depicts the oxidizing behaviour of $\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4} ?$ (a) $2 \mathrm{HI}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4} \longrightarrow \mathrm{I}_{2}+\mathrm{SO}_{2}+2 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}$ (b) $\mathrm{Ca}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4} \longrightarrow \mathrm{CaSO}_{4}+2 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}$ (c) $\mathrm{NaCl}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4} \stackrel{2}{\longrightarrow} \mathrm{NaHSO}_{4}+\mathrm{HCl}$ (d) $2 \mathrm{PCl}_{5}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4} \longrightarrow 2 \mathrm{POCl}_{3}+2 \mathrm{HCl}+\mathrm{SO}_{2} \mathrm{Cl}_{2}$

Which of the following chemical reactions depicts the oxidizing behaviour of $\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4} ?$
(a) $2 \mathrm{HI}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4} \longrightarrow \mathrm{I}_{2}+\mathrm{SO}_{2}+2 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}$
(b) $\mathrm{Ca}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4} \longrightarrow \mathrm{CaSO}_{4}+2 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}$
(c) $\mathrm{NaCl}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4} \stackrel{2}{\longrightarrow} \mathrm{NaHSO}_{4}+\mathrm{HCl}$
(d) $2 \mathrm{PCl}_{5}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4} \longrightarrow 2 \mathrm{POCl}_{3}+2 \mathrm{HCl}+\mathrm{SO}_{2} \mathrm{Cl}_{2}$

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Key Concepts

Oxidizing Agent

An oxidizing agent is a substance that facilitates oxidation by accepting electrons from another species, which results in the oxidized species losing electrons. In the context of H2SO4, particularly in its concentrated form, it acts as an oxidizing agent by oxidizing other chemicals while undergoing reduction itself.

Redox Reaction

A redox reaction is one in which electrons are transferred between reacting species, leading to changes in their oxidation states. When H2SO4 behaves as an oxidizing agent, the reaction involves the reduction of the sulfur compound while the other reactant is oxidized, demonstrating clear electron transfer dynamics.

Differentiating Reaction Types

In chemical reactions, it is important to distinguish between simple acid-base neutralization and redox processes. While some reactions with H2SO4 involve only proton transfer without altering oxidation states, its oxidizing behavior involves additional electron transfer, which is critical for understanding the chemical versatility of H2SO4.

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