Which of the following complexe shows optical isomerism (a) Cis[Co(en)2 Cl2] Cl (b) trans[Co(en)

step 1 So the complex that shows optical isomerism is cis -cobald E .N. 2. CL2. C .N. N. This complex,

Which of the following complexe shows optical isomerism (a)...

Which of the following complexe shows optical isomerism (a) $\operatorname{Cis}\left[\mathrm{Co}(\mathrm{en})_{2} \mathrm{Cl}_{2}\right] \mathrm{Cl}$ (b) $\operatorname{trans}\left[\mathrm{Co}(\mathrm{en})_{2} \mathrm{Cl}_{2}\right] \mathrm{Cl}$ (c) $\left[\mathrm{Co}\left(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\right)_{4} \mathrm{Cl}_{2}\right] \mathrm{Cl}$ (d) $\left[\mathrm{Co}\left(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\right)_{3} \mathrm{Cl}_{3}\right]$

Which of the following complexe shows optical isomerism
(a) $\operatorname{Cis}\left[\mathrm{Co}(\mathrm{en})_{2} \mathrm{Cl}_{2}\right] \mathrm{Cl}$
(b) $\operatorname{trans}\left[\mathrm{Co}(\mathrm{en})_{2} \mathrm{Cl}_{2}\right] \mathrm{Cl}$
(c) $\left[\mathrm{Co}\left(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\right)_{4} \mathrm{Cl}_{2}\right] \mathrm{Cl}$
(d) $\left[\mathrm{Co}\left(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\right)_{3} \mathrm{Cl}_{3}\right]$

Key Concepts

Optical Isomerism

Optical isomerism refers to the property of a molecule or complex to exist in forms that are non-superimposable mirror images of each other. In coordination chemistry, this phenomenon occurs when the arrangement of ligands around the central metal creates a chiral structure, meaning it lacks an internal plane of symmetry. Such isomers, known as enantiomers, rotate plane-polarized light in opposite directions.

Chirality in Coordination Compounds

Chirality in coordination compounds arises when the spatial arrangement of ligands around the central metal ion does not possess a mirror plane or center of symmetry. This is often observed in complexes with bidentate or polydentate ligands, which, when arranged in a certain configuration, yield two non-superimposable structures. The presence of chirality is essential for optical isomerism, as each enantiomer will interact differently with polarized light.

Coordination Geometry

Coordination geometry describes the spatial arrangement of ligands around a central metal ion in a complex. Most coordination compounds adopt geometries such as octahedral, tetrahedral, or square planar. The specific geometry influences the types of isomerism an individual complex may exhibit. For example, octahedral complexes with appropriate ligand disposition can exhibit not only geometric isomerism (cis/trans) but also optical isomerism when chiral arrangements are possible.

Chelating Ligands

Chelating ligands are multidentate ligands that can form two or more bonds to a single metal ion, creating ring structures known as chelate rings. This chelation can lead to non-symmetrical ligand arrangements around the central metal, contributing significantly to the formation of chiral structures and thus optical isomerism. In coordination chemistry, complexes containing chelating ligands are key examples in discussions of stereoisomerism and stability.

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