Which of the following is incorrect? (a) Borax glass is the...

Which of the following is incorrect? (a) Borax glass is the anhydrous form of borax. (b) Jeweller's borax is obtained by crystallizing the solution ar $25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$. (c) Decahydrate form of borax is obtained by crystallizing the solution ar $60^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$. (d) Boric acid is less soluble in hot water bur more soluble in cold water.

Which of the following is incorrect?
(a) Borax glass is the anhydrous form of borax.
(b) Jeweller's borax is obtained by crystallizing the solution ar $25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$.
(c) Decahydrate form of borax is obtained by crystallizing the solution ar $60^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$.
(d) Boric acid is less soluble in hot water bur more soluble in cold water.

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Key Concepts

Hydration and Dehydration in Salts

Many salts, especially borates, exist in both hydrated and anhydrous forms. The amount of water integrated into the crystal lattice, known as water of crystallization, depends on the conditions during formation, such as temperature and humidity. This concept is fundamental to understanding the different forms a substance can take and how they differ in properties and stability.

Temperature-Dependent Crystallization

The process of crystallization is highly sensitive to temperature changes. Variations in temperature can alter the solubility and the structure of the crystals formed—leading to different hydration states or purity levels of the compound. This concept explains why different crystallization temperatures yield different forms of a salt.

Retrograde Solubility Behavior

While most substances exhibit increased solubility with rising temperature, retrograde solubility refers to the counterintuitive phenomenon where a compound becomes less soluble as the temperature increases. This behavior is significant in understanding exceptions to common solubility rules and is especially relevant for substances like boric acid.

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