Which of the following is not involved in the second line of...

Key Concepts

Internal Audit

An independent assurance function that evaluates the effectiveness of risk management, controls, and governance processes. As the third line of defense, it is not involved in the second line, which is typically reserved for risk management and compliance functions.

Three Lines of Defense Model

A risk governance framework that divides responsibilities into three areas: operational management (first line), risk management and compliance functions (second line), and internal audit (third line). This model helps ensure effective oversight and robust risk management in organizations.

Risk Management Framework

A structured approach within an organization that involves identifying, assessing, monitoring, and mitigating risks to ensure that the organization meets its objectives. It is closely related to the lines of defense by providing guidelines for risk oversight and control.

Transcript

00:01 All right, so on this question, we are talking about the immune system and specifically the second line of defense.

00:07 However, to get to the second line of defense, you have to first go through the first line of defense.

00:13 And i kind of broke it down here, one, two, and three, into the different defense lines.

00:18 But the first line of defense is your skin and your mucus membranes.

00:23 So i have depicted just a little black hair of bacteria molecule.

00:27 Somehow, you know, getting through your skin.

00:30 Over here, you know, getting through your nose or getting through mucus membrane of your tongue.

00:38 You also have mucus membranes, obviously, lining all your tracks.

00:41 So respiratory digestive track, and those play functions of their own, you know, entrapping pathogens, creating mucus to rid of the pathogen.

00:52 So there's multiple mucus membranes that go into the first line of defense.

00:59 But i just want to quick mention that.

01:01 So in order to get to the second line of defense, you know you have to go through the first line of defense first and get past that barrier.

01:08 So once you are past that barrier, your second line of defense comes into play.

01:15 So that here i have highlighted just by this little bacteria -looking guy.

01:23 And this is supposed to, down here, supposed to represent macrophage.

01:30 So a macrophage is a type of phagocyte, which is a non -specific white blood cell.

01:35 So these macrophages, they act through engulfing and digesting little foreign particles.

01:43 And enzymes within the macrophage break down the invading particles, break everything apart.

01:51 And then on top of the macrophages, you have additional non -specific white blood cells that act on the the scene which are known as natural killer cells.

02:02 And these cells release chemicals that really perforate and destroy the cell membranes of target cells, causing them to burst...

Please give Ace some feedback