Which of the following statements is(are) true? For the...

Which of the following statements is(are) true? For the false statements, correct them. a. Most of the known elements are metals. b. Element 118 should be a nonmetal. c. Hydrogen has mostly metallic properties. d. A family of elements is also known as a period of elements. e. When an alkaline earth metal, A, reacts with a halogen, $\mathrm{X}$, the formula of the covalent compound formed should be $\mathrm{A}_{2} \mathrm{X}$

Which of the following statements is(are) true? For the false statements, correct them.
a. Most of the known elements are metals.
b. Element 118 should be a nonmetal.
c. Hydrogen has mostly metallic properties.
d. A family of elements is also known as a period of elements.
e. When an alkaline earth metal, A, reacts with a halogen, $\mathrm{X}$, the formula of the covalent compound formed should be $\mathrm{A}_{2} \mathrm{X}$

Key Concepts

Periodic Table Classification

This concept involves understanding how elements are categorized into metals, nonmetals, and metalloids based on their physical and chemical properties. In the periodic table, the majority of elements are metals due to their shared properties such as conductivity, luster, and malleability. The classification also explains the placement of elements into various blocks and helps in predicting their behavior in chemical reactions.

Properties of Specific Elements

Key to this concept is recognizing that each element exhibits unique characteristics. For example, hydrogen is primarily considered a nonmetal because of its low density and reactivity, while element 118, being a member of the noble gases, is expected to be a nonmetal. Such classifications are important for understanding periodic trends and chemical reactivities.

Periodic Table Groups versus Periods

This concept highlights the difference between groups (families) and periods in the periodic table. Groups are vertical columns that contain elements with similar chemical properties, often referred to as families, while periods are horizontal rows that indicate the filling of electron shells. Understanding this distinction is crucial for predicting element behavior and bonding patterns.

Chemical Bonding and Compound Stoichiometry

This key concept involves the understanding of how elements combine to form compounds, including predicting the ratios in which atoms combine based on their valence electrons. In the case of reactions involving metals and halogens, such as those with alkaline earth metals, the compounds formed typically follow stoichiometric ratios dictated by charge balance terms (e.g., AX2 rather than A2X). This understanding is vital in formulating correct chemical formulas for compounds.

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